學佛考訓
學佛考訓卷四
學佛考訓卷四
J34nB295_p0010b02 J34nB295_p0010b03 J34nB295_p0010b04蓮宗
J34nB295_p0010b05問白蓮於五老,邀玄鶴於東林。陶令可期,客兒尚J34nB295_p0010b06在。非同河上之遊,不入醉鄉之夢。
J34nB295_p0010b07慧遠少為儒生,博極群書,尤邃《老》、《莊》、《周易》。初止江州J34nB295_p0010b08龍泉精舍,後於廬山東林棲逸。偶風雷夜作,明發就J34nB295_p0010b09觀,良材駢列。桓將軍伊驚異,奏立寺焉。時天下奇才J34nB295_p0010b10多隱居不仕者,遠公與劉遺民、雷次宗等十八高賢J34nB295_p0010b11結淨土之遊,凡一百二十三人,皆同誓願。
J34nB295_p0010b12遠公《東林雜詠》云:「崇巖吐清氣,幽岫棲神跡。希聲奏J34nB295_p0010b13群籟,響出山瀏滴。有客獨冥遊,徑然忘所適。揮手撫J34nB295_p0010b14雲門,靈關安足闢。流心叩玄扃,感至理勿隔。孰是騰J34nB295_p0010b15九霄,不奮沖天翮。妙同趣自均,一悟超三益。」
J34nB295_p0010b16劉遺民,嘗於定中見佛光照地,皆成金色。阿彌陀佛J34nB295_p0010b17放玉毫光,垂手引授。又嘗入七寶池,掬水而飲,出定,J34nB295_p0010b18異香發毛孔間。
J34nB295_p0010b19遠公送客,不過虎溪。一日,與道士陸修靜、徵君陶淵J34nB295_p0010b20明共語,不覺過溪,遠乃失笑。
J34nB295_p0010b21遠法師臨化山中,峰澗寺落,皆見千眼仙成隊,執幡J34nB295_p0010b22幢香花,赴東林寺。
J34nB295_p0010b23謝靈運,嘗於東林鑿二池以栽蓮華,時欲入社,遠公J34nB295_p0010b24謂客兒心雜,未許也。
J34nB295_p0010b25遠公退隱硤石山,註《涅槃經》成,擲其筆曰:「若疏義契J34nB295_p0010b26理,筆當駐空。」已而果然,後人因名曰擲筆堂。
J34nB295_p0010b27謝靈運《淨土詠》云:「法藏長王宮,懷道出國城。願言四J34nB295_p0010b28十八,弘誓拯群生。淨土一何妙,來者皆菁英。頹年欲J34nB295_p0010b29安寄,乘化好晨征。」
J34nB295_p0010b30廬山東林於水上立十二葉芙蕖,因波而轉,定十二J34nB295_p0010c01時,謂之蓮華刻漏。
J34nB295_p0010c02西林慧永,初與遠公同依道安。至太元中,永公先至J34nB295_p0010c03潯陽,刺史陶範留憩廬山,捨宅居之,乃創寺曰西林,J34nB295_p0010c04嶺上一室曰香谷。
J34nB295_p0010c05遠公報羅什偈云:「本端竟何從,起滅自無際。一微涉J34nB295_p0010c06動境,成此頹山勢。惑相更相乘,觸理自生滯。因緣雖J34nB295_p0010c07無主,開途非一世。」
J34nB295_p0010c08劉孝綽詩云:「尋因途乃異,及捨趣猶并。苦極降歸樂,J34nB295_p0010c09樂極苦還生。豈非輪轉愛,皆緣對著情。一知心相濁,J34nB295_p0010c10樂染法流清。」
J34nB295_p0010c11劉程之,嘗作《蓮社誓文》,有云:「識以悟心,形由化革。藉J34nB295_p0010c12芙蕖於中流,蔭瓊柯於詠言。飄靈衣於八極,沉香風J34nB295_p0010c13以窮年。辭旨並妙。」遺民,名程之。
J34nB295_p0010c14王融《懺悔三業詩》云:「樂由生滅,患以身全。業資境造,J34nB295_p0010c15事假言筌。利名相倚,榮辱茲纏。燕驥匪躡,銅鍇徒鐫。J34nB295_p0010c16感端風緒,愛境情懸。不勤一至,何階四禪?」
J34nB295_p0010c17王齊之《念佛三昧詩》云:「妙用在幽,涉有覽無。神遊昧J34nB295_p0010c18徹,識以照麤。積微自引,因功本虛。泯彼三觀,忘此毫J34nB295_p0010c19餘。」
J34nB295_p0010c20王融《法樂辭》云:「生老終已縈,死病行當荐。方為淨國J34nB295_p0010c21遊,豈結危城戀。」又云:「鷲巖標遠勝,鹿野究清玄。不有J34nB295_p0010c22希世寶,何以導濛泉。」
J34nB295_p0010c23李太白《淨土詩》有云:「向西日入處,遙瞻大悲顏。目淨J34nB295_p0010c24四海水,身光紫金山。勤念必往生,是故稱極樂。珠網J34nB295_p0010c25珍寶樹,天花散香閣。圖畫了在眼,願托彼道場。以此J34nB295_p0010c26功德海,冥祐為津梁。八十一劫罪,如風掃輕霜。庶觀J34nB295_p0010c27無量壽,長願玉毫光。」
J34nB295_p0010c28溫庭筠詩云:「世機消已盡,巾履一飄然。一室故山月,J34nB295_p0010c29滿瓶秋澗泉。禪庵過微雪,香寺隔寒煙。應共白蓮客,J34nB295_p0010c30相期松桂前。」
J34nB295_p0011a01耿韋詩云:「少年常昧道,無事日悠悠。及至悟生死,尋J34nB295_p0011a02僧已白頭。雲迴廬瀑雨,樹落給園秋。為我謝宗許,塵J34nB295_p0011a03中難久留。」
J34nB295_p0011a04唐代宗嘗迎法照入宮,令宮人五會念佛。法照曾於J34nB295_p0011a05并州作是會,感動宮闈,時稱五會法師,弘淨土之教。
J34nB295_p0011a06般舟和尚,耑修念佛三昧,所居為般舟臺。柳子厚嘗J34nB295_p0011a07稱之云:「壞衣不飾,揣食不味,百有二十,而志不衰。」
J34nB295_p0011a08白居易嘗捐俸錢三十萬,作西方圖,為彌陀肖像,并J34nB295_p0011a09說讚曰:「極樂世界清淨土,無諸惡道及眾苦。願如我J34nB295_p0011a10身老病者,同生無量壽佛所。」
J34nB295_p0011a11永明壽偈云:「有禪有淨土,猶如帶角虎。現世為人師,J34nB295_p0011a12來生作佛祖。」
J34nB295_p0011a13圓照本歸老靈巖,耑修淨業。元祐中,汴京曦法師嘗J34nB295_p0011a14入定遊淨土,見大蓮華,光明黃色,其二題曰:「宋比丘J34nB295_p0011a15宗本之座。」定起以語本,本曰:「本修禪時,心在極樂,無J34nB295_p0011a16二相也。」
J34nB295_p0011a17廣慧大師,住阿育王寺,親睹舍利光中現釋迦佛身,J34nB295_p0011a18師遂誓焚身報佛,取香油塗身,合掌誦佛火然。大眾J34nB295_p0011a19見五色祥雲自頂上起,光中現菩薩金身,長可二尺,J34nB295_p0011a20晃然四照,映雲而滅。
J34nB295_p0011a21四空法師,出家五臺山說法,天花晝下。及歿茶毘,道J34nB295_p0011a22俗見白雲中現樓閣莊嚴,白鶴孔雀種種畢具。俄而J34nB295_p0011a23天樂振空,移時方滅。
J34nB295_p0011a24大行禪師,誦《彌陀經》三七日,睹琉璃地上佛及二大J34nB295_p0011a25士現前。唐僖宗聞其事,詔入內庭,賜號常精進菩薩。J34nB295_p0011a26及歿,肉身不壞。
J34nB295_p0011a27善導和尚,每念佛一聲,飛光一道,隨口而出。事聞朝J34nB295_p0011a28廷,敕所居為光明寺。後登柳樹,端坐而化。
J34nB295_p0011a29少康法師,縉雲人。乞食得錢,誘小兒誦佛一聲,予一J34nB295_p0011a30錢,康聲獨高。一日,眾見佛從康口中出,立逝之夕,有J34nB295_p0011b01光燭天。
J34nB295_p0011b02四明尊者,初欲焚身,如藥王故事。楊翰林億作札,并J34nB295_p0011b03傳旨留之。及天聖六年,無疾驟稱佛號而逝。露龕二J34nB295_p0011b04七,爪髮俱長。闍維,舌根不壞,舍利如雨。
J34nB295_p0011b05馮濟川,諱楫,自號不動居士,仕給事中。所至與賢士J34nB295_p0011b06大夫、高僧逸民續廬山蓮社,施藏經四十八藏,藏五J34nB295_p0011b07千餘卷。紹興中,具衣冠,望闕再拜已,換僧伽黎衣,陞J34nB295_p0011b08高座,跏趺說偈而逝。
J34nB295_p0011b09佛印禪師,嘗講《金剛經》至六如偈,有虎丘朱進士者,J34nB295_p0011b10聞而喜之,因感異夢,持誦不輟,至老彌篤,臨歿書偈J34nB295_p0011b11曰:「八十九年朱公,兩手劈破虛空。腳踏浮雲粉碎,立J34nB295_p0011b12化菩提樹東。泊然而逝。」
J34nB295_p0011b13廣平郡夫人馮氏,嘗見慈受深禪師持戒念佛,十年J34nB295_p0011b14不惰。一日,忽書偈曰:「隨緣任業許多年,枉作老牛為J34nB295_p0011b15耕田。打疊身心早歸去,免教鼻孔受人穿。」異香馥郁,J34nB295_p0011b16安坐而化。
J34nB295_p0011b17岳武穆詩云:「功業要刊燕石上,歸休終伴赤松遊。丁J34nB295_p0011b18寧寄語東林老,蓮社從今著再修。」鵬舉,有心人,夙饒J34nB295_p0011b19慧業。
J34nB295_p0011b20王禹偁詩云:「夢幻吾身是偶然,勞生四十又三年。任J34nB295_p0011b21誇西掖吟紅藥,何似東林種白蓮。」
J34nB295_p0011b22楊鐵崖題東林詩有云:「結爾東林社,招我南山歌。回J34nB295_p0011b23視有漏因,已悟影與魔。」
J34nB295_p0011b24陳師道寄參寥子詩云:「平生西方願,擺落區中緣。惟J34nB295_p0011b25於世外人,相從可忘年。」參寥子,諱道潛,與子瞻友善。
J34nB295_p0011b26中峰偈云:「禪外不曾譚淨土,須知淨土外無禪。兩重J34nB295_p0011b27公案俱拈卻,熊耳峰頭開白蓮。」
J34nB295_p0011b28文潞公彥博,專念阿彌陀佛,欲結十萬緣會。後如如J34nB295_p0011b29居士顏丙作頌贊之,有云:「如君膽氣大如天,願結西J34nB295_p0011b30方十萬緣。不為一身求活計,大家齊上渡頭船。」潞公J34nB295_p0011c01年九十餘,雒社耆英,公為之首。
J34nB295_p0011c02尚書陳瓚,修淨業,疾革,置水榻前。眾見冰中湧出七J34nB295_p0011c03級浮屠,欄楯鉤綴,窗格玲瓏,無不周備。陳乃化去。
J34nB295_p0011c04常熟黃觀察,家一老媼耑修淨業。臨歿,一舊籃裙衣J34nB295_p0011c05裡十二幅,忽現出十二觀音像,各幅變相不同,咸具J34nB295_p0011c06竹林鸚鵡之致,經一晝夜乃滅。
J34nB295_p0011c07南宋沈三郎,耑心淨慮,臨歿端坐而逝。茶毘日,有白J34nB295_p0011c08鶴二十九隻,飛鳴雲表,久之西去。
J34nB295_p0011c09蓮池大師。姓沈氏,仁和人。有《東昌悟道偈》云:「二十年J34nB295_p0011c10前事可疑,三千里外遇何奇。焚香擲戟渾閒事,魔佛J34nB295_p0011c11空爭是與非。」後住雲棲,耑弘淨土,為蓮宗第八祖。
J34nB295_p0011c12袁中郎居士,頗悟禪宗,兼修淨土。已卒,而其弟小修J34nB295_p0011c13夢來迎己,且云:「幸生淨土矣。」弟曰:「何緣至此?」曰:「以某J34nB295_p0011c14生時著《西方合論》耳。武林虞淳熙著淨土詩,亦生中J34nB295_p0011c15品。」
J34nB295_p0011c16楊嘉禕,家世閥閱。年十三,郎持不殺戒。後入南雍,益J34nB295_p0011c17修淨業。一日,忽白光滿室,青蓮現空,見丈六金身,接J34nB295_p0011c18引而去。
J34nB295_p0011c19仁和孫文學標,妻朱氏,持戒念佛。嘗光中見化佛像,J34nB295_p0011c20燈燭熒然,忽成五彩,有佛跏趺其上。及歿,端坐合掌,J34nB295_p0011c21稱佛號不輟。越三日,顏色不變。
J34nB295_p0011c22龍舒居士,姓王氏,篤信淨業,著《往生錄》行於世。
J34nB295_p0011c23于見素居士,諱明照,舉孝廉,耑修淨土。後為仕宦捐J34nB295_p0011c24俸,刻書本藏經,以便學者。與其弟潤甫及丹陽賀知J34nB295_p0011c25機、金壇繆仲淳、吳江周仲大、沈及庵、吳孚泉、嘉禾賀J34nB295_p0011c26道星、朱廣原君升、曹石蒼諸公,先後助揚,並弘蓮社J34nB295_p0011c27之學。