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成唯識論測疏 卷1

唐 圓測撰

成唯識論測疏

CC004n0004_p0001a01CC004n0004_p0001a02CC004n0004_p0001a03CC004n0004_p0001a04CC004n0004_p0001a05CC004n0004_p0001a06CC004n0004_p0001a07CC004n0004_p0001a08CC004n0004_p0001a09CC004n0004_p0001a10CC004n0004_p0001a11

成唯識論疏卷第一

CC004n0004_p0001a12 CC004n0004_p0001a13

顯宗

三藏解云:佛滅度後,至三百年,有大菩薩,名CC004n0004_p0001a14曰龍猛,於南印度出現於世,廣造諸論,破小乘、顯CC004n0004_p0001a15大乘宗無相之理,如《中論》等。時有菩薩,名曰提婆,CC004n0004_p0001a16後出於世,與羅睺法師等同菩薩,資學龍猛之宗,CC004n0004_p0001a17破彼小乘執法定有,大乘無相盛行於世。至九百CC004n0004_p0001a18年,復有無著菩薩與世親同時出現,依深密教及CC004n0004_p0001a19《瑜伽》等廣造諸論,具明八識、三性諸法,明一切法CC004n0004_p0001a20非唯無性,當於爾時,大乘有宗方得流布。雖有如CC004n0004_p0002a01此空有二說,佛法一味,未有諍論。明一、明三略

CC004n0004_p0002a02

至千一百年,清辨菩薩,依諸般若及龍猛宗造《般CC004n0004_p0002a03若燈》、《掌珍論》,破無著等有相大乘。當時護法依《深CC004n0004_p0002a04密經》及《瑜伽》等成立有宗,破空義故,《佛地論》云「千CC004n0004_p0002a05年以前,佛法一味。」問:慈氏、龍猛空有各異,如何乃CC004n0004_p0002a06言千年已前佛法一味?答:龍猛說空,不分徧計、依CC004n0004_p0002a07他二性,千年已前,未有諍;千年已後,護法、清辨各CC004n0004_p0002a08依自宗以釋彼意。此造《廣百論》,釋彼教意,唯依徧CC004n0004_p0002a09計所執為空;清辨菩薩造《掌珍》,釋彼意云:非唯徧CC004n0004_p0002a10計,二亦空。合標此意,故云此時大乘方諍空有。明CC004n0004_p0002a11一、燈一略、記一略

CC004n0004_p0002a12

總相分別,唯識為宗。由唯識理,遂生解斷障、得勝CC004n0004_p0002a13果故。若別說者,唯識境行及果為宗。境即八識、二CC004n0004_p0002a14諦、三性等;行謂唯識觀智及五度等;果即智斷菩CC004n0004_p0002a15提涅槃。明一、燈一略

CC004n0004_p0002a16

出體

五門:一、攝妄歸真;二、攝相歸識;三、以假從實;CC004n0004_p0002a17四、三法定體;五、法數出體。又云:三藏開為八門,於CC004n0004_p0002a18前三門各開二門,謂:一、攝妄歸真門;二、真妄差別CC004n0004_p0002a19門。餘二準此。燈一集引、記一略

CC004n0004_p0002a20

又三藏八門:一、攝妄歸真門;二、真妄差別門。此亦CC004n0004_p0003a01有二:一、攝相歸識門;二、識相差別門。後亦有二:一、CC004n0004_p0003a02攝假從實門;二、假實差別門。後門亦二:一、三法定CC004n0004_p0003a03體門;二、法數出體門。記一、燈一集引本疏云:「識相差別中,有本無本兩說四句。」

CC004n0004_p0003a04

五心中,初通六識,次三唯意,後一五識或通六識;CC004n0004_p0003a05又前三是無記,後二通善染。論云「彼決定心後,方CC004n0004_p0003a06有染淨」,故知前三唯無記,後二通善染云云。明二CC004n0004_p0003a07集引、燈一略

CC004n0004_p0003a08

不作意緣,名為率爾。燈一集引、明二

CC004n0004_p0003a09

言「聚集顯現」者,如說諸行無常,西方三解。一云:說CC004n0004_p0003a10諸字時,率爾現量,尋求前境,不緣名等,但得聲相,CC004n0004_p0003a11至決定心,具現三相,謂聲、名、字;說行現六,說無現CC004n0004_p0003a12九;說常字時,現十二相,并句所詮,合十四法,經十CC004n0004_p0003a13六心,乃具聚集。謂四字中,各有四心,謂耳意各四,CC004n0004_p0003a14率爾并意、尋求、決定各四。一云:尋求是非量,故亦CC004n0004_p0003a15緣名等;故於尋求,亦得聚集。四尋求心,如其次第,CC004n0004_p0003a16得三六九,及以十四。準前應知,經十二心,具足聚CC004n0004_p0003a17集。一云:耳識同緣意識,亦緣名等,此有二說。一云:CC004n0004_p0003a18四率爾心,各唯得三,不緣過去,現量得故;不說聚CC004n0004_p0003a19集,至尋求心,方名教體。一云:耳識同時,意識容非CC004n0004_p0003a20現,故得緣過去;即八心中具足聚集。燈一集引、記CC004n0004_p0004a01一略、明二集引

CC004n0004_p0004a02

四字皆有決定。燈一集引、明二略

CC004n0004_p0004a03

題名

世親菩薩,佛滅度後九百年時乃出於世,依CC004n0004_p0004a04諸契經及《瑜伽》等廣造諸論,如《攝大乘》釋,及《十地》CC004n0004_p0004a05等。然觀察時機,念智漸減,恐廣述文,心便生退,遂CC004n0004_p0004a06𥳑集宗要,製造一部,號「二十唯識論」,頌有二十,及CC004n0004_p0004a07長行釋,廣破外計,略顯自宗,由斯漸悟外境非實;CC004n0004_p0004a08然於自宗,猶未盡理。年將八十,更造一部,號「三十CC004n0004_p0004a09唯識」,但有頌文,而無有釋,略破外執,廣申自宗,文CC004n0004_p0004a10雖極略,義即圓具。未及造釋,遂即遷化。明二

CC004n0004_p0004a11

護法,南印度達羅弭荼國建至城臣子。記一

CC004n0004_p0004a12

然諸釋中,所宗各異。護法、難陀等,多述宗旨會釋CC004n0004_p0004a13違文;火辨、親勝,正釋本頌以標論意;安慧菩薩,建CC004n0004_p0004a14立比量斥他宗失。由斯諸本別行,攝義皆不周悉。CC004n0004_p0004a15燈一

CC004n0004_p0004a16

釋文

二釋。第二義云:開本頌文,即分為三:謂初、中、CC004n0004_p0004a17後。初一頌半,略辨唯識;次有二十三頌半,廣辨唯CC004n0004_p0004a18識;後有五頌,行位差別。故第十云「此論三分,成立CC004n0004_p0004a19唯識」,故知本頌,具有三分。明二

CC004n0004_p0004a20

稽首唯識性,

CC004n0004_p0005a01

敬禮以慙愧為體。燈二集引

CC004n0004_p0005a02

我今釋彼說:

CC004n0004_p0005a03

我謂護法。記一

CC004n0004_p0005a04

今造此論,為於二空有迷謬者,生正解故。

CC004n0004_p0005a05

自下第二,述本論師造論之意。於中有三:一、生解CC004n0004_p0005a06斷障得果故;二、「又為開示」下,斷執證空,生於唯識CC004n0004_p0005a07智故;三、「復有迷謬唯識理者」下,遮諸異執,生如實CC004n0004_p0005a08解故。具上三意,所以造論。如是三段,如其次第,安CC004n0004_p0005a09慧、難陀、護法所說。明三、燈二略、記二略

CC004n0004_p0005a10

問:二空即是我、法二無,如何說無為迷悟境?解云:CC004n0004_p0005a11誰言說無為迷悟境?此說二空所顯理性是迷悟CC004n0004_p0005a12境。明三、燈二同

CC004n0004_p0005a13

由我法執,二障具生;

CC004n0004_p0005a14

問:二執與障,有何差別?答:若安慧宗總相而言,二CC004n0004_p0005a15執與障體無寬狹。所以者何?彼宗一切有漏心等CC004n0004_p0005a16皆名為執,即名二障。若別相者,煩惱障體,通前七CC004n0004_p0005a17識,唯除第八,恆相續轉,行相微細故。然七識中,第CC004n0004_p0005a18六、第七所起我見為我執體,與彼相應心心所緣CC004n0004_p0005a19一境故,相從說執。獨頭貪等,非計我故,唯煩惱障CC004n0004_p0005a20而非我執。所知障體,等同七識,唯除第七,論唯說CC004n0004_p0006a01彼四惑相應,三位無故。然此障體,即與法執體無CC004n0004_p0006a02寬狹,以計諸法有體用者皆是執故。明三、燈二略、CC004n0004_p0006a03記一略

CC004n0004_p0006a04

如此二論,《唯識》、《佛地》障體不同者,護法就正障說CC004n0004_p0006a05根本等流以為障體;親光通據障及眷屬,故障業CC004n0004_p0006a06果為障體性。燈二

CC004n0004_p0006a07

斷障為得,二勝果故,

CC004n0004_p0006a08

言勝果者,四句:一、勝而非果,菩薩智斷;二、果而非CC004n0004_p0006a09勝,羅漢智斷;三、亦勝亦果,即佛二果;四、非勝非果,CC004n0004_p0006a10異生有學。𥳑餘三句,故言勝果。記一

CC004n0004_p0006a11

《本業經》說,金剛三昧,名為等覺;《解深密經第》五說,CC004n0004_p0006a12由解脫身故,彼二乘與諸如來平等平等;由法身CC004n0004_p0006a13故,說有差別。準此等文,二皆非勝。如何總言二勝CC004n0004_p0006a14果耶?解云:解脫實無差別,同斷煩惱所證得。而說CC004n0004_p0006a15勝者,從能證智,故不相違。燈二

CC004n0004_p0006a16

《本業》所說名等覺者,有云:金剛一剎那頃,正體後CC004n0004_p0006a17得,與佛齊等,故名等覺。有云:真智與大覺等,若後CC004n0004_p0006a18得智中則有優劣;就正真故,名為等覺。今三藏云:CC004n0004_p0006a19無間解脫,同斷一障故說等言,非謂解齊名之為CC004n0004_p0006a20等。如《涅槃經》第二十六卷說,見有二種:一者,眼見;CC004n0004_p0007a01二者,聞見。諸佛世尊,眼見佛性,如於掌中觀阿摩CC004n0004_p0007a02勒。十住等聞見佛性,故不了了。又《瑜伽論》第五十CC004n0004_p0007a03卷,以八復次釋等、妙二覺所有優劣,廣如彼說。明CC004n0004_p0007a04三、燈二、祕一末、記一均略

CC004n0004_p0007a05

由斷續生煩惱障故,證真解脫;

CC004n0004_p0007a06

約離縛斷,即有二義:一、斷緣彼煩惱說之為斷。此CC004n0004_p0007a07同薩婆多緣縛斷義,且如眼根非染汙故,非自性CC004n0004_p0007a08所斷;而言斷者,斷彼能緣根煩惱,由斯眼根離煩CC004n0004_p0007a09惱縛,故說眼根名之為斷。餘一切法例亦應爾。二、CC004n0004_p0007a10斷雜彼煩惱故名之為斷。此之一義,唯大乘宗所CC004n0004_p0007a11說,謂眼等識,由末那相應染故,成有漏性,故說末CC004n0004_p0007a12那相應四惑,對彼六識,名為雜彼煩惱。若得羅漢CC004n0004_p0007a13金剛心時,斷彼末那能雜惑故,說眼等識名之為CC004n0004_p0007a14斷。末那相應四惑乖善等識,自性應斷。問:如上所CC004n0004_p0007a15說離縛斷等,得擇滅不?答:薩婆多宗離縛斷,別得CC004n0004_p0007a16無為;若不生斷,唯非擇滅。大乘宗離縛不生并得CC004n0004_p0007a17擇滅,由道力故。又解:兩種無得別無為,非正染故。CC004n0004_p0007a18不生斷者,謂惡趣等不染污法,由所依斷,彼亦不CC004n0004_p0007a19生,故名不生。然依彼自有兩釋。一云:彼依者,見所CC004n0004_p0007a20斷煩惱,彼斷故,惡趣等法定不得生,故名不生斷。CC004n0004_p0008a01一云:彼依者,謂惡趣等異熟識體,彼斷故,餘六亦CC004n0004_p0008a02隨滅。明三

CC004n0004_p0008a03

又為開示,謬執我法,迷唯識者,

CC004n0004_p0008a04

三藏解云:未得羅漢,起此計故,卻談前故,說彼部CC004n0004_p0008a05計。經部等亦爾,本外道故,或說彼部弟子所計,非CC004n0004_p0008a06外道時,如《俱舍論》「彼部救云:我部不誦,破我經故。」CC004n0004_p0008a07記一解犢子羅漢何起我見

CC004n0004_p0008a08

或執外境如識非無;

CC004n0004_p0008a09

敘四計中,第一、薩婆多計,正量部等及大乘中未CC004n0004_p0008a10信唯識至教理者,彼計外境非無,如論主內識非CC004n0004_p0008a11無。彼量云:外境非無宗,能所取中,隨一攝故因;如CC004n0004_p0008a12論主內識非無喻。明三、記一略

CC004n0004_p0008a13

或執內識如境非有;

CC004n0004_p0008a14

第二、清辨等計,造《掌珍論》,釋《廣百》云「非唯徧計無,CC004n0004_p0008a15餘二亦空。」彼量云:內識非有,能所取中隨一攝故,CC004n0004_p0008a16猶如外境。又量云:真性有為空,如幻緣生故。無為CC004n0004_p0008a17無有實,不起似空華。上來二計,與論主作比量相CC004n0004_p0008a18違。明三、記一略

CC004n0004_p0008a19

三藏解云:略然彼清辨依世俗理,境識俱有;依勝CC004n0004_p0008a20義理,識境俱無。略三藏又解:清辨菩薩見相分中,CC004n0004_p0009a01唯立相分而不立見;且如眼識緣青等時,心即是CC004n0004_p0009a02青;離青等外,無別能緣,餘亦準此,故作此言。或執CC004n0004_p0009a03內識,如論主所說,外境非有也。問:若爾,如何前說CC004n0004_p0009a04俗理境識有?解云:前言通說,境識俱有。答舉虛實,CC004n0004_p0009a05以虛從實故唯境,即如親光相見俱有;以假從實CC004n0004_p0009a06無相,此亦應爾。鈔四、記一略

CC004n0004_p0009a07

三藏解云:略餘準此釋,乃至智證真理時非是真CC004n0004_p0009a08空,空外無別能證真智。鈔四、記一略

CC004n0004_p0009a09

或執諸識用別體同

CC004n0004_p0009a10

;問:八識中說何等?一解:無性釋論,但言此中無別CC004n0004_p0009a11餘識,而無別判。由此有云:但說前六,不說七八;有CC004n0004_p0009a12云:八識為一意識,無性論中不別說故。雖有二解,CC004n0004_p0009a13前說為正。所以者何?世親又云「唯除第八」,故彼釋CC004n0004_p0009a14云「非離意識,別有餘識;唯除別有阿賴耶識」,故知CC004n0004_p0009a15第八別有自體。雖無正文,以理推,第七離意,亦有CC004n0004_p0009a16別體。明三、燈二略、記一略

CC004n0004_p0009a17

或執離心無別心所。

CC004n0004_p0009a18

破覺天義。《婆沙》百四十二云「尊者覺天作如是說:CC004n0004_p0009a19諸有為法,有二自性,一、大種,二、心。離大種外無造CC004n0004_p0009a20色,離心無所。諸色皆是大種差別,無色皆是心之CC004n0004_p0010a01差別。」或敘經部宗中一計,彼經部宗分成兩釋:一、CC004n0004_p0010a02譬喻論師,同覺天說;二、執有心所,自有四釋。故《順CC004n0004_p0010a03正理》第十一云「有譬喻者,說唯有心,無別心所。」謂CC004n0004_p0010a04執別有心所論者,於心所中多興諍論。或說唯有CC004n0004_p0010a05三大地法故,或說有四,或說有十,或說十四。解云:CC004n0004_p0010a06如其次第,說受想思;或加於觸,或說觸等十大地CC004n0004_p0010a07法,即當文。或可兼破《成實論》主訶梨跋摩。然彼論CC004n0004_p0010a08主,是中印度數論弟子,後迴心已,在疏勒國,方造CC004n0004_p0010a09彼論。由斯彼論,辨四塵成四大,四大成五根,同數CC004n0004_p0010a10論計。以外諸部,皆無此說。明三、記一略

CC004n0004_p0010a11

法謂軌持;

CC004n0004_p0010a12

《瑜伽》五十二:有、持有義,無、持無義,並能生心,皆名CC004n0004_p0010a13為法;明知一切具軌持義。記一、燈三略

CC004n0004_p0010a14

彼相皆依識所轉變,而假施設。

CC004n0004_p0010a15

依識所變相見而立。記一

CC004n0004_p0010a16

此中識言,亦攝心所,定相應故;

CC004n0004_p0010a17

謂外難云:色等依心變,攝歸本說唯識;心所非心CC004n0004_p0010a18變,如何名唯識?為釋此難,故作是言「此中識言,亦CC004n0004_p0010a19攝心所,定相應故。」《二十唯識》亦有此通,而差別者,CC004n0004_p0010a20彼釋經說三界唯識,此中正釋頌中識言。問:眼等CC004n0004_p0011a01八識不離心所,何故不說唯心所耶?解云:諸心所CC004n0004_p0011a02起必有心體,若心起時心所不定,染淨心所或有CC004n0004_p0011a03無故,是故說心而非心所。明四、燈三、記一略

CC004n0004_p0011a04

變謂識體,轉似二分,相見俱依自證起故。

CC004n0004_p0011a05

此三分、二分,以釋變言,自有三說。一云:初三分安CC004n0004_p0011a06慧等八師釋,除親勝、火辨、世親,同時唯立二分。二CC004n0004_p0011a07云:三分除安慧釋,變似二言,是依他故。餘如上說。CC004n0004_p0011a08三云:二分諸師共釋,唯除安慧;三分更除火辨、親CC004n0004_p0011a09勝。三藏意存後釋。燈三、記一略

CC004n0004_p0011a10

所以爾者,三分成立護法等釋;二分之義,火辨、親CC004n0004_p0011a11勝亦在其中。然護法等立三非彼意,為顯陳那所CC004n0004_p0011a12立三分不違理故。而三與二,開合有異,理不相違。CC004n0004_p0011a13由斯欲存本師所說,故立二分。如何不約四分說CC004n0004_p0011a14者?開為三分,諸師共許。證自證分,有許、不許;或可CC004n0004_p0011a15第四攝在第三,由斯且依三分而說。明四、記一略

CC004n0004_p0011a16

旁辨三境然眼等根,皆有二種:一、本質根,是賴耶CC004n0004_p0011a17相,能生識用;二、影像根,是意識相,雖是五根,以影CC004n0004_p0011a18像故,不能發識。今意亦爾,影似帶質,故云帶質。明CC004n0004_p0011a19四

CC004n0004_p0011a20

問:大乘極微為假為實?三藏解云:若依論文,是假CC004n0004_p0012a01非實。故《瑜伽論》第三卷云「又非極微集成色聚,但CC004n0004_p0012a02由覺慧分析,諸色極微量邊際分別,假立以為極CC004n0004_p0012a03微。」理實而言,是實非假。所以者何?由假想慧分析CC004n0004_p0012a04彼時,極微影像當心現前應無相分,然彼說心必CC004n0004_p0012a05有所緣,故知實有極微影像熏成種子,能生自類CC004n0004_p0012a06影像相分。而《瑜伽》說是假非實者,於非極微處假CC004n0004_p0012a07分析故,義說言假。明四、燈三略又出解云:「以不生質,故說為假。」

CC004n0004_p0012a08

見相定別種生,各別熏故。如論下云:謂七轉識,及CC004n0004_p0012a09彼相應。所變相、見、性、界、地等,除佛果,善、極劣、無記,CC004n0004_p0012a10餘熏本識,生自類種。記一

CC004n0004_p0012a11

我法分別,熏習力故;

CC004n0004_p0012a12

由六七熏,八識生爾。或可我見,名我熏習;有支名CC004n0004_p0012a13言,名法熏習。記一

CC004n0004_p0012a14

如患夢者,患夢力故;

CC004n0004_p0012a15

對經部薩婆多,薩婆多夢境雖實,而非父母執為CC004n0004_p0012a16父母,故得成喻。燈三

CC004n0004_p0012a17

又常徧故,應無動轉。

CC004n0004_p0012a18

破勝論我中云:應無動轉。自問云:彼宗許我,亦無CC004n0004_p0012a19動轉;今成無轉,豈不相符?解云:有二說,一云體用CC004n0004_p0012a20俱無動轉;二云用有動轉。是故前量有二義:一、若CC004n0004_p0013a01依初說,論主將破,先定他比量,謂汝宗我體及用CC004n0004_p0013a02應無動轉,體常徧故,如虛空。二、若依用動轉者,是釋CC004n0004_p0013a03論主述彼宗量,顯彼自違。量云:汝執我用應無動CC004n0004_p0013a04轉,體常徧故,如空。燈四

CC004n0004_p0013a05

諸有情我,更相徧故,體應相雜;

CC004n0004_p0013a06

言更相徧故體應相雜者,傳說有二:一云量破,一CC004n0004_p0013a07云難破。難破者,以更相徧難成一物,未必須量,乃CC004n0004_p0013a08至廣說。外若救云:且如同處不相離色,許多色徧CC004n0004_p0013a09而不成一,我亦爾者,此亦不然;我是真實,有相雜CC004n0004_p0013a10失,色虛幻故。三藏意爾。記一同基

CC004n0004_p0013a11

量破者天授真我,與祠授我,體應相雜,更相徧故,CC004n0004_p0013a12如祠授我。記一

CC004n0004_p0013a13

因云:更相徧故,無有過失。天授、祠授二我,皆有與CC004n0004_p0013a14他更徧義故,如所作性因。燈四集引

CC004n0004_p0013a15

又所執我復有三種:一者即蘊、二者離蘊、三者與蘊CC004n0004_p0013a16非即非離。

CC004n0004_p0013a17

第一、即蘊者,是殊徵伽外道,彼計諸蘊皆有蘊性,CC004n0004_p0013a18如內宗說,一切諸法以如為性。彼計蘊性以為實CC004n0004_p0013a19我,即當大婆沙所說二十句薩迦耶見。燈四

CC004n0004_p0013a20

後三之中,何故唯三,而無亦即亦離?解云:非即非CC004n0004_p0014a01離,即是亦即亦離,故不別說。其義如何?若表即離,CC004n0004_p0014a02成第三句;若遮即離,成第四句。謂即故非離、離故CC004n0004_p0014a03非即,故《顯揚》、《婆沙》等皆作是說。第三四句,由義有CC004n0004_p0014a04異而體無別。然此第三與第四句,或有同體、或有CC004n0004_p0014a05異體,隨所應知。燈四

CC004n0004_p0014a06

三與四句,展轉相攝,此論第三即彼前二。所以者CC004n0004_p0014a07何?以非即故,當彼離蘊;以非離故,當彼即蘊。故此CC004n0004_p0014a08論云「許依蘊立」;若不爾者,便違瑜伽「一切計我不CC004n0004_p0014a09過四種」。燈四

CC004n0004_p0014a10

又,既不可說有為無為,亦應不可說是我非我;

CC004n0004_p0014a11

量云:汝所說我應不可說是自我非他我,不可說CC004n0004_p0014a12有為、無為故,猶如空華。燈四、記一略

CC004n0004_p0014a13

二有間斷,在第六識,緣識所變,五取蘊相;

CC004n0004_p0014a14

五取蘊者,通攝八識。祕釋三

CC004n0004_p0014a15

此二我執,細故難斷;

CC004n0004_p0014a16

預流斷俱生者,依伏斷說。記一

CC004n0004_p0014a17

二緣邪教所說我相起自心相,分別計度執為實我。

CC004n0004_p0014a18

然離蘊影,三藏解云:如勝論等周徧我影,或空界CC004n0004_p0014a19色,以徧滿故。或識處識,如說二蘊,除受想行,如理CC004n0004_p0014a20應思。又當心現,即眾同分,雖有三釋,空色同分,以CC004n0004_p0015a01是假故,非所緣緣,故說識蘊以為正義。記一

CC004n0004_p0015a02

實我若無,云何得有憶識、誦習、恩怨等事?

CC004n0004_p0015a03

燈四云:「本疏引《婆沙》有八論者,釋憶所作。」

CC004n0004_p0015a04

然大等法,三事合成,是實非假,現量所得。

CC004n0004_p0015a05

旁論長短等色,西方兩釋:一云:實法處攝,非眼識CC004n0004_p0015a06境。一云:如說色處,眼識所緣。又問:依色立長等色CC004n0004_p0015a07處,依聲立名亦應聲處。答:十二處中,長依一處,名CC004n0004_p0015a08依多處,故不相應。如無心定命根,通依心心所種,CC004n0004_p0015a09為不相應。記二

CC004n0004_p0015a10

勝論所執,實等句義

CC004n0004_p0015a11

,儒童更有弟子,名曰五頂。記二

CC004n0004_p0015a12

若不生果,應非離識實有自性,如兔角等。

CC004n0004_p0015a13

若宗直言非實有者,即以真如作不定過,故言離CC004n0004_p0015a14識。記二

CC004n0004_p0015a15

又彼所執地、水、火、風,應非有礙;實句義攝,身根所觸CC004n0004_p0015a16故。

CC004n0004_p0015a17

實等五句,是現量境;和合非現。故下破云:彼許實CC004n0004_p0015a18等現量所得,以理推徵尚非實有,況彼自許和合CC004n0004_p0015a19句義,非現量得而可實有?由此證知,父母極微亦CC004n0004_p0015a20現量得。燈五集引、記二略

CC004n0004_p0016a01

若離有法,有別有性;應離無法,有別無性;

CC004n0004_p0016a02

量云:五種無句應有別性(宗),有無二中隨一攝故,CC004n0004_p0016a03如實德等。又量:汝說實等應無別性,有無二中隨CC004n0004_p0016a04一攝故,如畢竟無。燈五、記二引次量云:「謂汝實等CC004n0004_p0016a05無別有性,許非無故,猶如有性。」

CC004n0004_p0016a06

如實性等無別實等性,實等亦應無別實性等;若離CC004n0004_p0016a07實等有實等性,應離非實等有非實等性。

CC004n0004_p0016a08

汝說實等應無別性,許同異故,如同異性。汝非實CC004n0004_p0016a09等應有非實等性,實非實中隨一攝故,猶如實等CC004n0004_p0016a10離表性外無別遮性。故今以量令有別體。記二同CC004n0004_p0016a11基

CC004n0004_p0016a12

然彼實等,非緣離識;實有自體,現量所得,

CC004n0004_p0016a13

除德句中覺苦樂等,彼亦許此不離心故。若并立CC004n0004_p0016a14彼,一分相符;若避相符,宗云實等非唯緣離識,實CC004n0004_p0016a15有自體現量所得。還有相符,彼許通緣覺樂等心CC004n0004_p0016a16麤緣實等,非唯緣離識境心所得故,通𥳑總緣之CC004n0004_p0016a17一分故,總言離識,不言唯也。既爾,此量依唯緣外CC004n0004_p0016a18及總緣中,𥳑取一分緣離識境以為量故,無諸過CC004n0004_p0016a19失。記二

CC004n0004_p0016a20

假合生故;

CC004n0004_p0017a01

二釋:一云假合所緣;一云假合生緣,此無許取。記CC004n0004_p0017a02二

CC004n0004_p0017a03

若法能生,必非常故;

CC004n0004_p0017a04

唯一常因能生諸法,更無餘常能為因生,云一因CC004n0004_p0017a05論,不障無常能生諸法。如勝論師,許六句實,不妨CC004n0004_p0017a06於中軍林等假。燈五

CC004n0004_p0017a07

待欲或緣,方能生者。

CC004n0004_p0017a08

自在天欲。記二

CC004n0004_p0017a09

餘執有一大梵,時、方、本際、自然、虛空、我等。

CC004n0004_p0017a10

自在等一因八師名及所計。記二指如本疏

CC004n0004_p0017a11

有外道執地、水、火、風,極微實常,能生麤色;

CC004n0004_p0017a12

四大中精,能有緣慮,如燈光等,不同餘物。記二

CC004n0004_p0017a13

所執極微,若有方分。

CC004n0004_p0017a14

勝論、順世,極微雖小而有方分,同有部計。記二

CC004n0004_p0017a15

又所生果,不越因量;應如極微,不名麤色;則此果色,CC004n0004_p0017a16應非眼等色根所取,便違自執。

CC004n0004_p0017a17

既不越因,應如一微;彼計常微,非色根取;初子等CC004n0004_p0017a18色,方色根境。記二同基

CC004n0004_p0017a19

藥入鎔銅,

CC004n0004_p0017a20

水銀等,入銅汁成金。記二

CC004n0004_p0018a01

且所執色,總有二種:一者有對,極微所成;二者無對,CC004n0004_p0018a02非極微成;

CC004n0004_p0018a03

問云:大乘法處實色,是有礙不?解云:諸法處色,皆CC004n0004_p0018a04是無對;如無色界諸宮殿等,皆是無對,以法處故。CC004n0004_p0018a05問:變大地為金、水為酥酪等,如何無對耶?解云:定CC004n0004_p0018a06所變色,有其二種:一者有對,二者無對。若法處色,CC004n0004_p0018a07即是無對;變為色等,即是有對。燈五

CC004n0004_p0018a08

非但能生,勿因緣等,亦名此識所緣緣故。

CC004n0004_p0018a09

論主敘諸部,意謂我所立不同正量。勿因緣等,亦CC004n0004_p0018a10所緣故。三藏存此。記二

CC004n0004_p0018a11

彼和合相,既非實有,故不可說,是五識緣;

CC004n0004_p0018a12

和合於五識,設所緣是有法,非緣是法。然有法中CC004n0004_p0018a13設所緣者,理實所緣亦不得成。鈔六

CC004n0004_p0018a14

勿第二月等,能生五識故。

CC004n0004_p0018a15

瞿波二解:一許五識緣第二月,護法不許。評二說CC004n0004_p0018a16中,瞿波順文違理,以緣月故順文;而現量識緣非CC004n0004_p0018a17量境,故違於理。燈五集引、記二同基

CC004n0004_p0018a18

非諸極微共和合位,可與五識各作所緣。

CC004n0004_p0018a19

第二麤相燈五云:「本疏同基。」

CC004n0004_p0018a20

瓶甌等物,極微等者,緣彼相識,應無別故。

CC004n0004_p0019a01

瓶等是假,是意識緣。若爾,彼救:瓶甌極微體雖無CC004n0004_p0019a02異,而妄意識生覺解故,如大乘師意亂生解。燈五

CC004n0004_p0019a03

又問:若見意境,何故五境中破?意境應是法處收CC004n0004_p0019a04故。答:如大乘宗長短等色,亦色處故。燈五

CC004n0004_p0019a05

瞿波論師云:五識及根,亂不亂故,引三種意生。既CC004n0004_p0019a06言識根俱亂、不亂,明五亦緣第二月也。三種意識,CC004n0004_p0019a07緣三境別,故云三意,謂一緣假、二緣實、三緣二,故CC004n0004_p0019a08云三意。燈五

CC004n0004_p0019a09

勿餘境識,緣餘境故。

CC004n0004_p0019a10

勿之言莫,莫即緣麤亦緣細境,有雜亂過故。若不CC004n0004_p0019a11許緣圓細相境,本圓細相應非五境;若許違宗。一CC004n0004_p0019a12識應緣一切境者,若緣麤識亦得緣細相者,緣青CC004n0004_p0019a13等心應緣聲等,即眼等識通緣十八界。燈五

CC004n0004_p0019a14

為執麤色有實體者,佛說極微令其除析,非謂諸色CC004n0004_p0019a15實有極微。

CC004n0004_p0019a16

今解如論,是假相析,離眼等外無別極微,如長等CC004n0004_p0019a17故。如緣長等,必帶青等;緣極微時,必麤相現。記二

CC004n0004_p0019a18

極微託質,許熏成種。燈五

CC004n0004_p0019a19

餘無對色。

CC004n0004_p0019a20

法處實色,同經部宗,皆是無對。問:變地為酥酪,如CC004n0004_p0020a01何無對耶?答:定變有二:一者有對,二者無對。若法CC004n0004_p0020a02處色,即是無對;變為色等處,即是有對。記二

CC004n0004_p0020a03

若言是動,亦非實有;纔生即滅,無動義故。有為法滅,CC004n0004_p0020a04不待因故;滅若待因,應非滅故。

CC004n0004_p0020a05

記二云:「本疏順論展轉救故,連環破盡。」

CC004n0004_p0020a06

若言有色非顯非形,心所引生能動手等,名身表業,CC004n0004_p0020a07理亦不然。

CC004n0004_p0020a08

此破日出論師。佛去世後,一百年中,北天竺怛叉CC004n0004_p0020a09翅羅國,有鳩摩羅多,此云童首,造九百論,或造喻CC004n0004_p0020a10鬘論,集奇喻事,名譬喻師。四百年中,經部始出,以CC004n0004_p0020a11彼為宗,名經部本。時五印度,各一師出,時人號為CC004n0004_p0020a12「五日俱出」,名「日出師」,今所破也。記二同基此解日CC004n0004_p0020a13出師,即譬喻師。

CC004n0004_p0020a14

語表亦非實有聲性,一剎那聲無詮表故、多念相續CC004n0004_p0020a15便非實故。

CC004n0004_p0020a16

明語表中,《婆沙》十五云「聲聞多剎那聲,能說一字;CC004n0004_p0020a17佛一剎那聲,能說一字。」由此除佛聲,唯破餘語;必CC004n0004_p0020a18多念故,應相續假。記二同基

CC004n0004_p0020a19

然因心故,識變似聲;生滅相續,似有表示;假名語表CC004n0004_p0020a20於理無違。

CC004n0004_p0021a01

據實語表,是發動思。記二

CC004n0004_p0021a02

然依思願,善惡分限,假立無表;

CC004n0004_p0021a03

三藏解云:五十三文,唯約現行說,意表業準此,無CC004n0004_p0021a04表依種子立。燈六集引

CC004n0004_p0021a05

願雖有多,然於此中,說思為願。燈六、記二略並附CC004n0004_p0021a06注云:「下第九云願度即慧。又解欲勝念,三法為體。CC004n0004_p0021a07《瑜伽》云:『菩提心者,決定希求為行相故。』」

CC004n0004_p0021a08

定、道二戒,是思非願;別解脫戒,亦思亦願;為攝定CC004n0004_p0021a09散二位無表,故說思願。燈六原續上文為一段、記CC004n0004_p0021a10二同

CC004n0004_p0021a11

唯依善惡,時節分限;不依無記,劣不勝故。記二原CC004n0004_p0021a12續上文

CC004n0004_p0021a13

謂此或依發勝身語,善惡思種,增長位立。

CC004n0004_p0021a14

大乘三義,若難陀宗,彼宗二釋:一云如前。一云唯CC004n0004_p0021a15用增長,說未曾得,自許用增為勝。若月藏義,體雖CC004n0004_p0021a16不增,而功能倍。此解同基若護法義,通依新舊二CC004n0004_p0021a17種,勢力等故、共作因緣生果故。記二

CC004n0004_p0021a18

問:初起無表,為依一思所熏種立、為依七種?解云:CC004n0004_p0021a19依一思種假立七支,總斯一身不作惡故。如定道CC004n0004_p0021a20戒,依一現思,由願第三羯磨之時,起染或無心,皆CC004n0004_p0022a01得律儀。記二、燈六略

CC004n0004_p0022a02

七體隨用熏故。且如眼識緣青等時,一熏多種,理CC004n0004_p0022a03亦應成。猶如雙觀正後二智,於一慧體熏成二種。CC004n0004_p0022a04記二、燈六同

CC004n0004_p0022a05

菩薩律儀,滅防三業,如何不許意無表耶?三藏解CC004n0004_p0022a06云:據實意業具表無表;謂現行思,即名為表。彼所CC004n0004_p0022a07熏種,有防非用,假立無表。然諸聖教不別說者,不CC004n0004_p0022a08如色聲表無表相顯了故。鈔六、記二略

CC004n0004_p0022a09

或依定中,止身語惡,現行思立,故是假有。

CC004n0004_p0022a10

此二無表,依現思上立定道戒,不約種子,隨心轉CC004n0004_p0022a11故;雖依現思,不能示他,名為無表。記二同基

CC004n0004_p0022a12

準義定通二種,道唯無漏,勿八地上無定戒故;於CC004n0004_p0022a13一現思,義說二戒,二所引故。記二

CC004n0004_p0022a14

既皆依思,何名為色?防色故,假立為色。如《顯揚》云CC004n0004_p0022a15「律儀依彼不現行法,假立色性。」記二集引

CC004n0004_p0022a16

但言非色,能動身思,說名身業;能發語思,說名語業;CC004n0004_p0022a17審決二思,意相應故、作動意故,說名意業;

CC004n0004_p0022a18

思有四種:一、審慮思,是遠方便;二、決定思,是近方CC004n0004_p0022a19便;三、動發思,正初發業;四、剎那思,與身語俱轉。然CC004n0004_p0022a20唯第三,名身語業;餘三意業。第四於動身語劣故、CC004n0004_p0023a01審慮決定意相應故,名意;作動意故,名業。即通鄰CC004n0004_p0023a02近、依主二釋。記二

CC004n0004_p0023a03

但依色等,分位假立。

CC004n0004_p0023a04

依色等立十四法者,得等七,通色、心、心所;謂得非CC004n0004_p0023a05得,同分四相;名、句、文,唯依於色;命三無心,依心心CC004n0004_p0023a06所。記三

CC004n0004_p0023a07

此定非異色心心所有實體用,如色心等許蘊攝故;CC004n0004_p0023a08或心心所及色,無為所不攝故;如畢竟無,定非實有。CC004n0004_p0023a09或餘實法,所不攝故;如餘假法,非實有體。

CC004n0004_p0023a10

「此定非異」下,初量,釋上體用非實;次後二量,重釋CC004n0004_p0023a11前失:初破實有,後立假有。燈六、記三略云:「三量重CC004n0004_p0023a12破。」同基

CC004n0004_p0023a13

因云:「或餘實法所不攝故,如餘假法。所說餘言,假CC004n0004_p0023a14實相對,謂假之餘、實之餘故。」又解,因云「餘實法所CC004n0004_p0023a15不攝故者,除不相應外,餘心等實法所不攝故。若CC004n0004_p0023a16不說餘,但說實法所不攝者,因中便有隨一不成CC004n0004_p0023a17過,不許實法不攝因故。如餘假法者,如不相應外CC004n0004_p0023a18共許假法,如瓶盆等。」鈔六

CC004n0004_p0023a19

亦說輪王成就七寶,豈即成就他身非情?

CC004n0004_p0023a20

有部許爾,即違自宗。外難云:大乘假得,如何一立CC004n0004_p0024a01一不立,例同所破?解云:非例。實得有用,應通內外CC004n0004_p0024a02皆有實得;我立假得,故王成實,假亦不成,非自身CC004n0004_p0024a03故。燈六

CC004n0004_p0024a04

未得已失,應永不生。

CC004n0004_p0024a05

唯破未來,未得已失;以過去已失,共許不生故。記CC004n0004_p0024a06三

CC004n0004_p0024a07

然依有情,可成諸法分位假立三種成就:一、種子成CC004n0004_p0024a08就;二、自在成就;三、現行成就。

CC004n0004_p0024a09

準《顯揚論》云「一、諸行種子所攝相續差別性;二、自CC004n0004_p0024a10在生起相續差別性;三、自相生起相續差別性。」云CC004n0004_p0024a11與《瑜伽》別,種但立一,現即分二,加行善等,名自在CC004n0004_p0024a12生起相;非加行生起,但名自相生起。燈六

CC004n0004_p0024a13

大乘經部,唯法俱得,過未無故,無前後得。記三同CC004n0004_p0024a14基

CC004n0004_p0024a15

翻此假立,不成就名。

CC004n0004_p0024a16

如得三種,此亦有三,翻對立故。記三

CC004n0004_p0024a17

然依有情身心相似分位差別,假立同分;

CC004n0004_p0024a18

唯依有情而立,不通非情;非情劣故。記三

CC004n0004_p0024a19

若依唯有情義,唯是無覆,至佛唯善。若依通法,皆CC004n0004_p0024a20通三性。記三

CC004n0004_p0025a01

又若命根,異識實有,應如受等,非實命根。

CC004n0004_p0025a02

他若難大乘云:論主所說受等應非實受等,離識CC004n0004_p0025a03實有故,如相等。解云:外違教失,彼許受等是實有CC004n0004_p0025a04故。燈七

CC004n0004_p0025a05

薩婆多量云:命根實有,能持身故,如業。燈七

CC004n0004_p0025a06

然依親生,此識種子由業所引,功能差別,住時決定,CC004n0004_p0025a07假立命根。

CC004n0004_p0025a08

二義。一云:通依心心所名言種立,故相應。若唯依CC004n0004_p0025a09心,應意處攝。然如唯識總言心種,亦無六種命根CC004n0004_p0025a10之失,如一同分依多法故。《瑜伽》自體,《顯揚》六處,說CC004n0004_p0025a11命所持,非立命處。一云:唯依識種而非意處,意命CC004n0004_p0025a12二根義用別故。記三次義同基

CC004n0004_p0025a13

問:法爾新熏,依何種立?解云:新熏。一命根故。一云:CC004n0004_p0025a14法爾新熏,正作因緣生第八者,依彼種立。一云:依CC004n0004_p0025a15二種上假立命根,共作因緣,生第八心勢力等故,CC004n0004_p0025a16而不應難有二命根。和合似一,共生一果,如眾同CC004n0004_p0025a17分,一依多故。鈔六、記三、祕二本引均略

CC004n0004_p0025a18

應無色時有別實法,異色心等能礙於色,名無色定;

CC004n0004_p0025a19

非例。滅心能厭滅,故可立別法;徧色能厭存,故不CC004n0004_p0025a20別立法。記三

CC004n0004_p0026a01

如堤塘等,假亦能遮。

CC004n0004_p0026a02

彼喻別物能遮,非喻遮用必是實法。設救瓶遮,即CC004n0004_p0026a03色等用,理亦不成。執有對色,即極微故;如諸極微,CC004n0004_p0026a04應無礙用。記三

CC004n0004_p0026a05

微微心時,熏異熟識,成極增上厭心等種。由此損伏CC004n0004_p0026a06心等種故,麤動心等暫不現行,依此分位,假立二定。

CC004n0004_p0026a07

真諦三藏但云依種立,不離前難。今說二定依種CC004n0004_p0026a08假立,故雖成種,緣未具故,不立二定;要待心滅,方CC004n0004_p0026a09立二定。如律儀無表,初成種時,緣未具故,不成無CC004n0004_p0026a10表。燈七

CC004n0004_p0026a11

無想定前求無想果故,所熏成種,招彼異熟識。

CC004n0004_p0026a12

微微心熏種,感第八異熟,極增上故。如五十六,謂CC004n0004_p0026a13能引發無想定思,能感彼異熟果:而無想定不能CC004n0004_p0026a14生果,假法如無,無生用故。彼無想天亦非所生,假CC004n0004_p0026a15無別體,不別生故。記三

CC004n0004_p0026a16

準知此因加行時種,微及微微皆感總果;有心異CC004n0004_p0026a17熟,正無心位,根本實種,招無心別果。無心定力,遮CC004n0004_p0026a18心不生,其理決然,無勞致惑。此雖異釋,據時能感,CC004n0004_p0026a19不越本解。燈七、記三略同觀

CC004n0004_p0026a20

所依異熟,傳說有二:一云、依第八現行識假立;一CC004n0004_p0027a01云、無想異熟心種上立。記三次說同基

CC004n0004_p0027a02

成唯識論疏卷第一

CC004n0004_p0027a03CC004n0004_p0027a04CC004n0004_p0027a05CC004n0004_p0027a06CC004n0004_p0027a07CC004n0004_p0027a08CC004n0004_p0027a09CC004n0004_p0027a10

經文依據 CBETA 2026.R2,本卷最後校訂 2025-01-30