天界覺浪盛禪師全錄
天界覺浪盛禪師全錄卷之二十四
天界覺浪盛禪師全錄卷之二十四
J34nB311_p0726c02J34nB311_p0726c03 J34nB311_p0726c04說
J34nB311_p0726c05古今決不可一日無師友說植聖艸
J34nB311_p0726c06世間法與出世間法,皆有三要:一要知有自己身心J34nB311_p0726c07性命之事,二要師其能明身心性命之人,三要求其J34nB311_p0726c08參悟身心性命之道。三法雖皆要領,其所重尤在得J34nB311_p0726c09真師友為難也。所謂世間法者,此界自有乾坤已來,J34nB311_p0726c10三皇氏出,仰觀焉、俯察焉、中審焉,而得法天之文、效J34nB311_p0726c11地之理、會人之事,所以開天下之物,成天下之務,通J34nB311_p0726c12天下之志,達天下之情,俾其方以類聚、物以群分,生J34nB311_p0726c13得其安、死得其順。由是天因之以清,地因之以寧,人J34nB311_p0726c14因之以貞,物因之以平。至於世久事變,類或不得聚,J34nB311_p0726c15群或不得分,生或不得安,死或不得順,而聖人遞出J34nB311_p0726c16制治,救其不逮,仍使夫夫婦婦、父父子子、長長幼幼,J34nB311_p0726c17以及萬物各得其所。堯、舜、禹、湯、文、武、周、孔出生,自相J34nB311_p0726c18師友,無非因其天地人物生成之理,而裁輔養正焉。J34nB311_p0726c19或因治其心所以安其身,安其身所以適其世;或因J34nB311_p0726c20治其世所以安其身,安其身所以樂其心。故有精一J34nB311_p0726c21慎獨為治心之統,有仁義禮智為治身之統,有禮樂J34nB311_p0726c22刑政為治世之統。總而較之,皆欲完全其天地人物J34nB311_p0726c23以生後之一段大法也。而所謂出世間法者,又豈捨J34nB311_p0726c24此世別有所謂出世乎?自古聖賢遞出制治人之身J34nB311_p0726c25心性命,使其生安死順於天地間,亦已至矣。然彼尚J34nB311_p0726c26未發明天地人物從何而生?身心性命從何而有?是J34nB311_p0726c27故我佛因其生安死順之中,發其生死之所自來,始J34nB311_p0726c28知有生無所生、死無所死者,為天地人物之根本也。J34nB311_p0726c29請試論之。蓋一切人等,皆有本來不生不滅靈明玅。J34nB311_p0726c30性,非名非相,非事非理,非根身器界,非夢想顛倒,良J34nB311_p0727a01由真常不守自性,不覺不知,一念妄動,故有無明。無J34nB311_p0727a02明者,即自己玅明性中妄立覺明,遂有能所對待,互J34nB311_p0727a03相轉搖,變出三細六麤,而成根身器界、夢想顛倒,復J34nB311_p0727a04於夢中妄見有憎愛生死種種業境,所以生生世世,J34nB311_p0727a05夢中作夢、識上生識,不能頓斷命根,㘞地惺悟去也。J34nB311_p0727a06我大覺世尊悟此覺明為咎,是知見立知為無明生J34nB311_p0727a07死之根本,故教人返己自求,頓惺夢業,或使人忘情J34nB311_p0727a08破相而見性,或使人悟心了妄而歸真,或使人不迷J34nB311_p0727a09於三界之空花,或使人不執於四聖之玅法,所謂即J34nB311_p0727a10世間而出世間也。我佛教法最廣,無有一機不利,種J34nB311_p0727a11種方便,設經律論,無非欲人知此一念未生前,了無J34nB311_p0727a12一法可得,所謂元明照生所,所立照性亡,迷妄有虛J34nB311_p0727a13空,依空立世界。想澄成國土,知覺乃眾生。空生大覺J34nB311_p0727a14中,如海一漚發。漚滅空本無,況復諸三有。而世人孰J34nB311_p0727a15知十方虛空生我心內,如片雲點太清哉?又孰知一J34nB311_p0727a16人發真歸元,十方虛空一時消殞哉?故永嘉大師云:J34nB311_p0727a17「夢裏明明有六趣,覺後空空無大千。遊江海,涉山川,J34nB311_p0727a18尋師訪友為參禪。自從識得曹溪路,了知生死不相J34nB311_p0727a19干。」夫人之于生死亦大矣,若實不能了知,孰能於生J34nB311_p0727a20死不相干哉?是故不辭跋涉,遍求明師,決擇死生,頓J34nB311_p0727a21超法界。痛念生死不能了脫,則萬劫長迷昏睡之途,J34nB311_p0727a22何日能自憤自惺,而不假師友之推乎哉?所以歷代J34nB311_p0727a23祖師不敢一念自欺欺人,盤根錯節,敲骨打髓,參遍J34nB311_p0727a24諸方門奧,透盡向上宗風,始能為人釋縛拔橛,秉殺J34nB311_p0727a25活鋒,游生死道,超出名言事理之障,迴開玄微玅密J34nB311_p0727a26之關。自非訪求師友而得其參悟之法,安能住世間J34nB311_p0727a27不為世間之所縛,游法海不為法海之所沉哉?烏乎!J34nB311_p0727a28當此世運衰微,法道凌替,苟於一日無真師友,一日J34nB311_p0727a29不自參求,則此幾希之脈亦幾乎息矣。或謂世人必J34nB311_p0727a30以聖賢為師,而不知聖賢乃以天地人物為師。夫天J34nB311_p0727b01地人物之師,是古今不可昧滅,不可自欺欺人之真J34nB311_p0727b02師也。又孰知於一念未生前,求此心師以自參悟、自J34nB311_p0727b03印證哉?
宗門以不肯自欺相授受說
J34nB311_p0727b05達磨西來,初未嘗將禪與東土人參;神光斷臂,亦未J34nB311_p0727b06嘗要參西來人禪,秖曰:「我心未寧,乞師為我安心。」師J34nB311_p0727b07曰:「將心來與汝安。」及乎覓心了不可得,乃云:「為汝安J34nB311_p0727b08心竟。」因是豁然自悟,師資密符。當此時也,實有法可J34nB311_p0727b09傳乎?實無法可傳乎?若實有,達磨以何法傳彼?若實J34nB311_p0727b10無,神光如何因此始悟?雖然,直須親到遮般時節始J34nB311_p0727b11得,不爾終是自欺欺人也,又何貴於西來而為此土J34nB311_p0727b12之初祖哉?試問當時此土更有一人如彼不從心外J34nB311_p0727b13求法者否?若有達磨,不必西來;若無達磨,徒爾西來。J34nB311_p0727b14蓋斯時秖有義學最興,粗則執文字道理,細則執玄J34nB311_p0727b15玅知見,尚未離文字相及心緣相,又安知有向上不J34nB311_p0727b16傳之旨邪?故初祖有教外別傳,不立文字,直指人心,J34nB311_p0727b17見性成佛之語也。予嘗論古人生平衹是不肯自欺J34nB311_p0727b18欺人,所以徹上徹下絕無一毫委曲隱昧,即最初欲J34nB311_p0727b19明自己生死大事,不知性命落處,至有數十年求此J34nB311_p0727b20中一問頭不得,及痛切不已發得一問,雖萬里銀山J34nB311_p0727b21衝開求決,若未遇真具殺活手眼者,畢竟剖擊不破,J34nB311_p0727b22設剖得破,則如巖崩石裂、海晏河清,盡大地人把捉J34nB311_p0727b23不住,千佛出世沒奈伊何。所謂懸崖撒手自肯承當,J34nB311_p0727b24絕後再甦欺君不得。且古人真參實悟境界,如擊石J34nB311_p0727b25火真有火迸,似閃電光真有光爍,非若今日無火說J34nB311_p0727b26熱、無冰說寒,不悲而哭、不痒而搔,達磨再來不第折J34nB311_p0727b27蘆去矣。如梁武帝初見大師,即問:「朕建立寺宇,寫經J34nB311_p0727b28度僧,有何功德?」曰:「並無功德。」又問:「如何是聖諦第一J34nB311_p0727b29義?」曰:「廓然無聖。」看他如握一把金剛王寶劍,世間法J34nB311_p0727b30來不消一揮,出世間法來不消一揮。及問:「對朕者誰?」J34nB311_p0727c01曰:「不識。」末後遮一揮,即使從上佛祖也無躲跟處,況J34nB311_p0727c02其餘乎?當時不遇其人,便乃渡江而去,於此亦何曾J34nB311_p0727c03自欺欺人耶?嗣後三、四、五祖,如針芥不爽。及六祖於J34nB311_p0727c04黃梅夜半,乃曰:「何期自性本自清淨?何期自性本自J34nB311_p0727c05解脫?」若未親到不疑之地,但向此語容易領略,不啻J34nB311_p0727c06見彈而求鴞炙,安從夢見古人?故六祖接南嶽,但問:J34nB311_p0727c07「甚麼物恁麼來?」曰:「說似一物即不中。」曰:「還假修證否?」J34nB311_p0727c08曰:「修證即不無,染污即不得。」祖曰:「如是!如是!善自護J34nB311_p0727c09持。」接青原,但問:「曾作甚麼來?」曰:「聖諦亦不為。」曰:「落何J34nB311_p0727c10階級?」曰:「聖諦尚不為,何階級之有?」祖曰:「如是!如是!善J34nB311_p0727c11自護持。」秖遮便如寶鑑臨人,形影畢見,何曾費纖毫J34nB311_p0727c12氣力?亦何曾虛設唱酬?至南嶽接馬祖,則曰:「磨磚既J34nB311_p0727c13不成鏡,坐禪豈可作佛?」而良駟已見鞭影而去矣!若J34nB311_p0727c14是劣蹄,徒受痛策。青原接石頭,則曰:「曹溪還有遮箇J34nB311_p0727c15麼?」曰:「非但曹溪,西天亦無。」而靈龜已先卦兆而通矣!J34nB311_p0727c16若是頑殼,枉下深錐。乃若溈山踢百丈之淨瓶,臨濟J34nB311_p0727c17捋黃檗之虎鬚,洞山睹雲巖之鏡影,雲門攛雪峰之J34nB311_p0727c18鱉鼻,法眼奪地藏之指頭,各各如五行交錯,感激成J34nB311_p0727c19文,生剋制化,天然玅協,宗風顯密,莫斯盛矣。後世不J34nB311_p0727c20知好惡,不透幾微,接嚮乘虛,迷心逐跡,參悟不真,而J34nB311_p0727c21欲決擇宗旨,寧不喪身失命於古人之典刑哉。審夫J34nB311_p0727c22古人大徹之後,橫機所觸,倒用所通,未有不能為人J34nB311_p0727c23抽釘拔橛,去縛解粘者,以其師資授受之際,自有一J34nB311_p0727c24段真切之心,奮起不可思議業用,默默鼓舞作興,亦J34nB311_p0727c25何曾參他人口頭之禪,與授冊子上之法邪?試觀五J34nB311_p0727c26宗之上,師資雖少,其綱宗正大,作用弘深,龍峻脈長,J34nB311_p0727c27源高流遠,迄五宗之末,如宋元輩,豈無卓犖丈夫哉。J34nB311_p0727c28按其主張,教人看死語,執死法,或偏以評騭拈頌為J34nB311_p0727c29提唱宗旨者,雖則乘時穿鑿,不無見小速成,即彼嗣J34nB311_p0727c30人之數,不在馬石之下,求其如百丈、藥山、丹霞、龐蘊J34nB311_p0728a01之大機大用,何人哉?於此亦可概見,世愈降而風愈J34nB311_p0728a02下,脈愈微而氣愈澆矣,安得過量大漢,本色真人,重J34nB311_p0728a03振向上不傳之風規,復還唐宋天然之氣象哉?即如J34nB311_p0728a04治世之道,自堯舜為正始,至文武為正終,設非集眾J34nB311_p0728a05聖之大成,孔子倔起,則堯舜文武之道,未免喪其渾J34nB311_p0728a06全矣。仲尼直自祖述堯舜,憲章文武,明《大易》,刪《詩》、《書》,J34nB311_p0728a07定《禮》、《樂》,作《春秋》,標萬世帝王不易之師法,建終古天J34nB311_p0728a08地不壞之綱維,真可謂成始成終,時中之大聖人也。J34nB311_p0728a09後世雖有聖智復起,亦必守其成法,以救其偏弊而J34nB311_p0728a10已矣,孰能於此加焉。於戲,我此法門,至於五宗以下,J34nB311_p0728a11亦猶世運之值周末也,安得若而人振此亂緒之綱J34nB311_p0728a12哉。
大法有內外護說
J34nB311_p0728a14護法者,護吾人身心性命之法也,即所謂王法與佛J34nB311_p0728a15法相表裏也。世人不知,以為護佛之法又何異?愚民J34nB311_p0728a16曰:我亦行堯舜之道哉!或謂佛教虛無,護之亦何補J34nB311_p0728a17於修齊治平?曰:非然,吾亦有身心性命之人也,能獨J34nB311_p0728a18舍此家國天下之法乎?佛有三大藏法,曰經、律、論,更J34nB311_p0728a19有教外別傳,曰正法眼,且始置勿舉。如佛最初為十J34nB311_p0728a20方剎土國王、大臣、長者、居士所授三皈五戒之法,亦J34nB311_p0728a21自奇特非常也。其三皈者:一、皈依佛,即自皈本覺靈J34nB311_p0728a22心。如天下人先知有君父之當尊,則夙夜匪懈以事J34nB311_p0728a23一人,更無悖逆以自犯也。二、皈依法,即自皈本明玅J34nB311_p0728a24智。如天下人先知有國制之當欽,則禮樂征伐自天J34nB311_p0728a25子出,更無僭越以自棄也。三、皈依僧,即自皈本淨玅J34nB311_p0728a26行。如天下人先知有王事之當從,則鞠躬盡瘁,死而J34nB311_p0728a27後已,更無欺罔以自墮也。其五戒者:一、不殺生,即不J34nB311_p0728a28斷自己慧命也。如天下之慘傷,莫過於中外屠戮。而J34nB311_p0728a29佛戒不但禁其弒害君親,即蜎飛蠕動猶不敢損,則J34nB311_p0728a30以慈悲絕其殺,幾有甚於威刑矣。二、不偷盜,即不虧J34nB311_p0728b01自己幽靈也。如天下之強暴,莫過於劫奪邦位。而佛J34nB311_p0728b02戒不但禁其竊取神器,即無主花卉猶不敢折,則以J34nB311_p0728b03喜捨絕其偷心,有甚於嚴憲矣。三不邪淫,即不喪自J34nB311_p0728b04己真精也。如天下之迷亂,莫過於姦辱倫理,而佛戒J34nB311_p0728b05不但禁其穢污閨幃,即隔壁釵聲猶不敢擬,則以堅J34nB311_p0728b06貞絕其欲朕,有甚於肅典矣。四不妄語,即不欺自己J34nB311_p0728b07至誠也。如天下之讒佞,莫過於誣滅經綸,而佛戒不J34nB311_p0728b08但禁其飾偽侮文,即意言綺貳猶不敢恣,則以嚴密J34nB311_p0728b09絕其妄隙,有甚於聖制矣。五不飲酒,即不壞自己淨J34nB311_p0728b10明也。如天下之失誤,莫過於昏惑治政,而佛戒不但J34nB311_p0728b11禁其酗酒敗事,即酣醉之人猶不敢近,則以智慧絕J34nB311_p0728b12其昧緣,有甚於明誥矣。即此三皈五戒,為在俗入道J34nB311_p0728b13之初門,施之於修齊治平,尚有餘地矣。使天下之人,J34nB311_p0728b14皆能遵此三皈五戒,隨次推而行之,則萬國永無干J34nB311_p0728b15戈僭竊亂倫敗理之事,常如唐虞揖讓之世也。況能J34nB311_p0728b16以根本具足,及菩薩大戒,與三德四智六度萬行,而J34nB311_p0728b17成就此莊嚴法宇哉。又況能以直指人心之全機大J34nB311_p0728b18用,使人立地可以頓悟成佛之知見哉。故吾之所謂J34nB311_p0728b19護法者,即所以自護其身心性命,與王法佛法相表J34nB311_p0728b20裏也,何嘗執虛無寂滅而無補哉。或謂今天下人,多J34nB311_p0728b21護持三寶,而不聞有以補治政者,何也?曰:三代已上,J34nB311_p0728b22人心淳樸,易於教化。降於秦漢,人物奸強,至難調御。J34nB311_p0728b23乃若人情物理,有先儒所未明;性命身心,有聖教所J34nB311_p0728b24未發;希奇作用,有王法所不加;秘密威靈,有國制所J34nB311_p0728b25不逮者。有富貴聰明之至極,非警以性命之大事,無J34nB311_p0728b26以折其貢高;有懷憤瞞激烈之不平,非喻以因果之J34nB311_p0728b27深緣,無以消其鬱結;有生於邊地下賤之陋劣,非設J34nB311_p0728b28以神道之教化,無以格其顓頑;有伏於深山窮谷之J34nB311_p0728b29妖邪,非感以平等之哀憐,無以攝其不測。幸此佛法J34nB311_p0728b30推廣於震旦,令其自肯自切,以自悟自度。即使遍諸J34nB311_p0728c01海嶽,以甲兵鎮守,勞民傷財,又何若分其教化,各自J34nB311_p0728c02相忘於道術,而共致太平哉?或謂:今人亦有歸護此J34nB311_p0728c03法,而復進銳退速者,何也?曰:此蓋信道不篤,雖護門J34nB311_p0728c04庭,設化於中,尚未深參。或遇明眼,而正見暫生;或值J34nB311_p0728c05邪師,而真機反謬;或自恃其尊貴,不能取善從人;或J34nB311_p0728c06夙負其才名,弗肯折心受鍛;或執先入之言,如毒食J34nB311_p0728c07不化;或局小道之智,似蹄涔未充;或各主其師承,而J34nB311_p0728c08疑信交戰;或私諱其標本,而藥病相持。更有說似是J34nB311_p0728c09而行實非,陽為此而陰在彼。有以名利佞佛,傷殘功J34nB311_p0728c10德之林;有以酒色逃禪,破壞定慧之脈;有以採藥迷J34nB311_p0728c11坑,而投爐失汞,何由值固命之金仙?有以登峰折屐,J34nB311_p0728c12而逐岐亡羊,焉得逢長春之肉佛?進之有為法忘軀J34nB311_p0728c13者,雖亦有彼作略,但以慧睫未開,或認人不真,未免J34nB311_p0728c14被他移轉。其大權方便之力,未能於無中猶唱出,絕J34nB311_p0728c15後亦吹甦者之神玅。唯全身擔荷之人,乃能於無佛J34nB311_p0728c16法處,建立無上法幢;無真僧中,推出人天眼目。或起J34nB311_p0728c17法師於故地;或延宗匠於他方;或誘引其不知,生心J34nB311_p0728c18仰慕;或激揚其未學,憤智參承;或屈尊就卑,而提攜J34nB311_p0728c19弱喪;或攀高俯下,而光闡玄微;或振作其殊途,摩盪J34nB311_p0728c20為象;或鼓舞其同類,交錯成文;或陰發聖賢之心傳,J34nB311_p0728c21以資至治;或密挽乾坤之氣運,以致太平。蓋機權之J34nB311_p0728c22已在我,而旋幹之應臨時也。吾所謂聞法必藉大因J34nB311_p0728c23緣,發機猶須真種性者,豈非欲人於此法門,當生奇J34nB311_p0728c24特難遭之想哉?故靈山付囑諸大士,發深誓願,而現J34nB311_p0728c25此國王、大臣、長者、居士等身,為內外護者,正欲其同J34nB311_p0728c26道化同懤,以入世援出世,斯可使正法久住,表裏兼J34nB311_p0728c27持也。或謂表裏兼持之法,從上亦有不易之常式乎?J34nB311_p0728c28曰:有。若欲使此正法兼持而久住者,莫過於華嚴圓J34nB311_p0728c29頓法門之綱要,其普賢長子之十大願王也。一曰禮J34nB311_p0728c30敬諸佛,即此開頭一著,便欲人折伏身心,全體受命,J34nB311_p0729a01更無凌鑠上下,向外馳求也。二曰稱讚如來,即此便J34nB311_p0729a02欲人頓發心花,光生長舌,更無欺罔之言,變亂聖訓J34nB311_p0729a03也。三曰廣修供養,即此便欲人胸襟迸出,蓋地遮天,J34nB311_p0729a04更無隱昧不顯,偏執冤親也。四曰懺悔業障,即此便J34nB311_p0729a05欲人掀翻業識,剖露空王,更無包藏禍胎,雲生日面J34nB311_p0729a06也。五曰隨喜功德,即此便欲人兩睫生光,遍照塵剎,J34nB311_p0729a07更無草野遺珠,特地按劍也。六曰請轉法輪,即此便J34nB311_p0729a08欲人揭開日月,朗行中天,更無霜露所墜,不聞雷霆J34nB311_p0729a09也。七日請佛住世,即此便欲人直見此心,各自成佛,J34nB311_p0729a10更無不安生理,肯作非為也。八日常隨佛學,即此便J34nB311_p0729a11欲人對鏡照顏,自見眉目,更無播揚糠秕,昧己昧人J34nB311_p0729a12也。九曰恒順眾生,即此便欲人一體神明,群靈效用,J34nB311_p0729a13更無燮理不和,萬物失性也。十曰普皆回向,即此便J34nB311_p0729a14欲人大緣性合,全體圓同,更無一微塵理,不參兩間,J34nB311_p0729a15異類中行,不顯正用也。如是十願大法樞機,一舉則J34nB311_p0729a16一切舉,一成則一切成,以其自性現量,稱性法門,繁J34nB311_p0729a17興大用,全體即真,而諸佛菩薩不發此願,決不能成J34nB311_p0729a18就一真法界,圓滿毘盧藏身也。噫?世出世間有此法J34nB311_p0729a19門,誰能盡此報身,行此十願,而自護世身心性命,與J34nB311_p0729a20法佛法相表裏,以紹隆十方慧命,而常住不滅哉。
人法必交相重說
J34nB311_p0729a22觀夫佛祖出世,始終設化,惟有人與法而已矣。即佛J34nB311_p0729a23初坐菩提座,於一切法成最正覺,而說《大方廣佛華J34nB311_p0729a24嚴經》,是則以人為重,乃稱性之法。其全體盧舍不動J34nB311_p0729a25寂場,處華藏海,而智入三世,都無來住,與十方塵剎J34nB311_p0729a26諸佛菩薩,主伴交參,重重涉入,實惟一真法界。故普J34nB311_p0729a27賢、文殊為長次子,出入藏身三昧,全子即父身裏出J34nB311_p0729a28門,得大機大用,以向上全提也。所以有發菩提心,學J34nB311_p0729a29菩薩行之善財童子,而稱童子者,是最初一念真機,J34nB311_p0729a30即圓成實智,而頓成正覺。故其遍參離明之五十三J34nB311_p0729b01善知識,造端即得根本性智,而後步步入佛自性現J34nB311_p0729b02量境中,無論僧俗正偏,尊卑貴賤,曾不動著根身器J34nB311_p0729b03界,儼然得證差別性智諸大三昧,不彈指間入彌勒J34nB311_p0729b04樓閣,全成華藏莊嚴,則又不同彼法華三變淨土,龍J34nB311_p0729b05女更轉男身,始往南方無垢界成佛度生也,故開品J34nB311_p0729b06即名世主玅嚴。至於七處九會,佛惟放光證明,諸大J34nB311_p0729b07菩薩互相酬唱,皆是承佛威神,如諸侯之號令,皆出J34nB311_p0729b08於天王,始無僭越,所以一切禮樂征伐,悉名曰天。蓋J34nB311_p0729b09此經乃自性現量之法,非心外比較所知,所以二乘J34nB311_p0729b10在座,如瞽如聾,益顯圓頓之玅,非彼淺小所得領略J34nB311_p0729b11也。佛乃於是曲垂接引於鹿苑,方等及般若會,開示J34nB311_p0729b12眾生,漸入佛慧。而最後涅槃將至,先為付囑家業,乃J34nB311_p0729b13說《大乘玅法蓮華經》。是則以法為重,使彼轉身就父,J34nB311_p0729b14有運載歸大寂場之義,所謂諸法寂滅相也。而授記J34nB311_p0729b15作佛,使彼行菩薩行,莊嚴佛土,而後始得有如是因J34nB311_p0729b16果本末究竟等耳。不然,如世主道,欲以帝王寶位直J34nB311_p0729b17授庸夫,安可以服天下之心,而行天下之令哉?即堯J34nB311_p0729b18舉舜於側陋,亦必考功見蹟,而後攝位傳此天德也。J34nB311_p0729b19又況舉此法王大位,可以直授其博地凡小,而為圓J34nB311_p0729b20滿菩提之主哉?吾所謂必須得人得法之真,庶可荷J34nB311_p0729b21擔如來大事因緣,而出現於世耳。近世稱知識者,孰J34nB311_p0729b22不自謂傳佛心印,據法王位,圖彼名聞利養,與賤賣J34nB311_p0729b23佛法,至於廁坑頭,屠沽舍,爭逞機鋒,鬥尚棒喝,不惟J34nB311_p0729b24鼠竊狗偷而為生計,抑且以魚目燕石為希有之珍,J34nB311_p0729b25而濫相傳授。故有一等未聞真法之人,為彼所眩,生J34nB311_p0729b26輕慢心,作苟且計,便去聚眾白椎,如梨園子弟之演J34nB311_p0729b27戲,如教坊娼妓之作歌,所謂打鼓弄琵琶,還他一會J34nB311_p0729b28假也。嗚呼悲哉!夫如是,還可謂之法王法、正法眼乎?J34nB311_p0729b29夫如是,還使達摩、馬祖再來,又別作如何激揚乎?正J34nB311_p0729b30以末俗不有真求法者,安有真說法者?不有真說法J34nB311_p0729c01者,安有真聽法而得真開悟者哉?惟古人色心全勝,J34nB311_p0729c02故於語默舉止使人望之意消,豈直於登座之顧鑑J34nB311_p0729c03嚬呻能使人天感格?如經中所謂是時若干人遠塵J34nB311_p0729c04離垢,若干人得法眼淨,若干人悟無生忍、發菩提心、J34nB311_p0729c05獲陀羅尼,與夫某得吾皮、某得吾骨及髓者,又豈似J34nB311_p0729c06今人猜三枚、道兩謊之乾打油也哉?當此凋弊穢亂J34nB311_p0729c07之時,孰能知廉恥、覺惡羞,而不敢自欺、不敢欺佛、不J34nB311_p0729c08敢欺法、不敢欺僧、不敢欺人、不敢欺天下後世哉?又J34nB311_p0729c09孰能識法,而懼於此法門,忘身為法、捨己求人、忍難J34nB311_p0729c10持經,使身為床座、身為奴僕、身為犬馬、身為塗炭,而J34nB311_p0729c11扶植大法、尊重法王、護惜慧命、奮發人心而報大法J34nB311_p0729c12之恩哉?又孰能以法為重、以人為重、以建立設化為J34nB311_p0729c13重,使此諸佛眼目、人天眼目、眾生眼目不致昧滅,而J34nB311_p0729c14常照於世間、出世間哉?予嘗見近世有宰官居士,深J34nB311_p0729c15心欲建立法化,每多未具擇人正見,徒事名相枝葉,J34nB311_p0729c16不知宗旨根本,所謂徒善不足以為政也。即如三代J34nB311_p0729c17之道,沿至於今,未有得人而不興,未有不得人而不J34nB311_p0729c18敗者。吾此法門,自禪宗之盛於曹溪、馬祖、石頭,再盛J34nB311_p0729c19於五大宗師之制作雜出,則宋元之流弊,吾不欲觀J34nB311_p0729c20之矣。雖然,豈今日之人法,實異昔日之人法哉?蓋人J34nB311_p0729c21不得真法,而人非真人;法不得真人,而法非真法。有J34nB311_p0729c22一人如神光、馬祖之流者出,或當別有手眼,而返擲J34nB311_p0729c23此天下後世於先佛之法界,則非吾所得而知也。且J34nB311_p0729c24先佛之法界,雖不可思議、不可比況,然有神而明之J34nB311_p0729c25者,亦未有不因其本來見成之法式,得以設喻而開J34nB311_p0729c26悟之耳。予試舉易象以況之,或有可以會盡天下之J34nB311_p0729c27異同乎?或亦有可以於此知建立之法式乎?夫所謂J34nB311_p0729c28佛法者,即世間法也。佛如易之有太極,而普賢、文殊,J34nB311_p0729c29猶乾坤之具全體大用,純粹不雜。至於諸大菩薩,如J34nB311_p0729c30坎離六子之破體,而摩盪交錯,成八八六十四卦,以J34nB311_p0730a01至經天緯地,無有餘爻。其究竟指歸,不過一奇一耦J34nB311_p0730a02之謂道也。所謂剛柔相濟,以吉凶而生大業者,豈非J34nB311_p0730a03明暗交參,正偏回互,君臣一體,功位雙超之玅協哉?J34nB311_p0730a04所以五行之生剋制化,相生即所以相剋,相剋即所J34nB311_p0730a05以相生。使此太極不能發揮此五行生剋制化之道,J34nB311_p0730a06則太極是為死物,不得名為無生法忍,不得名為如J34nB311_p0730a07來藏性,不得為天地人物之始,身心性命之宗也。故J34nB311_p0730a08吾洞上推此向上一位為無著真宗,始知尊貴一路,J34nB311_p0730a09自別於君臣五位者,其在茲乎?聖君一位,正配太極J34nB311_p0730a10之清寧無為,所謂不顯惟德,百辟其刑,居其所而眾J34nB311_p0730a11星拱。是則輔弼之大臣配乾坤,六部公卿配六象,與J34nB311_p0730a12百官宰執之配諸卦,則始終本末舒卷一氣也。昔堯J34nB311_p0730a13命官,先以義和,治曆明時;舜初即位,即齊七政者,蓋J34nB311_p0730a14此乃天地人物之首務。故曰:易之為道,廣大悉備,雜J34nB311_p0730a15物撰德,開物成務,冒天下之事,成天下之亹亹者,皆J34nB311_p0730a16以此道為萬世君師,建中立極,而範圍天地,曲成萬J34nB311_p0730a17物。知此〈繫辭〉之旨,則天下古今之道,思過半矣。故儒J34nB311_p0730a18獨以易為天地人物不易之法,至於餘經,皆因時制J34nB311_p0730a19宜之事也。苟諸經一有不合大易之大經大法者,則J34nB311_p0730a20皆異端曲學,誣世惑民之術,又安足與天人一貫,而J34nB311_p0730a21建諸天地而不悖,百世以俟聖人而無惑哉?知聖人J34nB311_p0730a22制易之意,則知吾所謂得人得法之真,如五家宗師J34nB311_p0730a23之標宗立旨,以使正法久住,而非人不得破壞也。有J34nB311_p0730a24一人焉,觀此而興起者,則予當身為床座而供養之,J34nB311_p0730a25予惟日望之矣。
建剎以扶植人心鞏鴻圖說
J34nB311_p0730a27有懷杞憂者曰:世語天下名山僧占多,亦知其利害J34nB311_p0730a28乎?曰:自古天下名山,非僧占也;是世人自有所繫,不J34nB311_p0730a29能到耳。何也?即今五嶽群巒、窮海絕島,不是龍蛇之J34nB311_p0730a30所蟄,即是鬼怪之所棲;不為逃亡之所依,即是奸盜J34nB311_p0730b01之所伏。自非離塵拔俗、不求聲色貨利之人,忘形死J34nB311_p0730b02心、弗戀恩愛名位之士,安能孤蹤隻影,入無煙火之J34nB311_p0730b03鄉;涉嶮躋危,造不耕織之地?或於此縛茅就樹,草衣J34nB311_p0730b04木食以窮年;或傍石為巢,火種刀耕而畢世;或致天J34nB311_p0730b05人送供,或來猿鹿啣花;或感獵人而捨業,或激賊輩J34nB311_p0730b06而改途;或啟鄉頑而惡羞,或發村懦而悚惕;或使憤J34nB311_p0730b07瞞而悔悟,或令迷悶而開明;或布施以格劫奪,而無J34nB311_p0730b08害國害民之幾;或持戒以消淫訛,而無敗俗敗倫之J34nB311_p0730b09朕;或忍辱以攝瞋恨,而無弒尊弒親之端;或精進以J34nB311_p0730b10鼓惰愚,而無甘暴甘棄之疾;或禪定以折僭亂,而無J34nB311_p0730b11大逆大叛之萌;或智慧以廓英奇,而無索隱行怪之J34nB311_p0730b12異;或權力以救邪僻,而無跳梁猖獗之狂;或悲願以J34nB311_p0730b13贊經綸,而無太過不及之弊。是故能使富者知盈,而J34nB311_p0730b14捐財植福;使貧者知乏,而效力立功;使智者知本,而J34nB311_p0730b15興言歎仰;使信者知性,而委命參承。或聞道行於朝J34nB311_p0730b16廷,而三詔不起;或播宗風於巖谷,而異域皆從;或使J34nB311_p0730b17蠻貊皈依,自遵約束,而免守衛之勞;或使邊方寧靜,J34nB311_p0730b18不見征誅,而省敕命之費。乃至默成聖制之無加,陰J34nB311_p0730b19振治綱之不紊,亦何曾非大同無我之創立哉!亦何J34nB311_p0730b20曾非至公無私之尊尚哉!普天之下,莫非王土;率土J34nB311_p0730b21之濱,莫非王臣。能使一介之民自安生理,不作非為,J34nB311_p0730b22即是一草莽之忠臣也;能使一尺之土自守本分,不J34nB311_p0730b23生踰越,即是一太平之治地也。世徒見一僧不法,即J34nB311_p0730b24欲革天下之僧,不知僧乃民作,賊亦民為耳。造妖孽J34nB311_p0730b25為顯異惑眾之事,創淫祠倡殺生害命之幾,自當除J34nB311_p0730b26滅,以正憲章。乃今有處拒僧出入城隍,有處禁寺講J34nB311_p0730b27演宗教,即有聽講宗教之僧不軌,乃此僧之不軌也,J34nB311_p0730b28豈宗教令僧之不軌哉!若以一人犯法,連罪天下之J34nB311_p0730b29人,欲使天下平良,不作悖逆之忿亂者,未之有也。若J34nB311_p0730b30以一僧不法,連廢天下之寺,欲使天下名山不為盜J34nB311_p0730c01賊之資棲者,安可得乎?於戲!況我佛法以慈悲為教,J34nB311_p0730c02以智行為門,內無主不立,外不正不行,或授戒有嚴J34nB311_p0730c03於國律,或講法有奧於聖經,或立論有高於尊王,或J34nB311_p0730c04傳燈有超於盡性,豈曰小補之哉?即國制有爵賞之J34nB311_p0730c05誘,且未能使百姓盡思立功;有刑罰之威,亦未能使J34nB311_p0730c06庶民盡懷懲惡。安能強以苦空寂寞之法,妄欲鼓簧J34nB311_p0730c07弄影於民乎?而世人欲以異端為闢,異廬而焚,異教J34nB311_p0730c08而禁,異人而驅,竟不知何異之不同於大中至正之J34nB311_p0730c09道哉?竟不知何異之無益於身心性命之理哉?吾所J34nB311_p0730c10謂真金不怕火者,正以得火而愈精也;真佛不怕排J34nB311_p0730c11者,正以得排而愈顯也。自古及今,迭否迭泰,何世不J34nB311_p0730c12因排僧而佛道明?何人不因闢佛而僧行振?吾但患J34nB311_p0730c13僧徒之不真,不患世人之攻眾;但患佛剎之不密,不J34nB311_p0730c14患名山之占多。所謂有佛住處龍天喜,無僧說法鬼J34nB311_p0730c15神愁也。豈有盛德大業之世,而患其佛剎之壯鴻圖J34nB311_p0730c16耶?
齋僧以自尊法行續佛慧說
J34nB311_p0730c18自金身入夢,漢明帝遣使西迎,得摩騰、竺法二尊者,J34nB311_p0730c19以白馬馱《四十二章經》特來此土,因與諸道士設壇J34nB311_p0730c20焚驗,而我震旦始知有釋氏佛、法、僧三寶。故當時王J34nB311_p0730c21公宰輔、異道九流等,乃於法天制地之教,別得天地J34nB311_p0730c22從我所生之旨;乃于生順死歸之道,別得性命自我J34nB311_p0730c23所造之因,而超超乎悟此三界唯心、萬法唯識,深幾J34nB311_p0730c24神哉!故有了生死而證真常者,有即塵勞而獲解脫J34nB311_p0730c25者,有即王道而行佛道者,有即權教而明實教者。自J34nB311_p0730c26是歷代帝王、異世賢聖,悉親佛法之微,得拓內外之J34nB311_p0730c27化,雖國位之無常,皆尊信之不貳。所以西來之僧法J34nB311_p0730c28迭至,重譯之教藏彌隆。梵行遍入於人心,不待誘而J34nB311_p0730c29自信;微言深參於世典,不假思而自成。佛剎與鴻圖J34nB311_p0730c30共麗,三代之禮樂斯存;僧伽與像法同嚴,十界之性J34nB311_p0731a01修具在。所以僧因佛而成儀,法依僧而成教,故僧種J34nB311_p0731a02即是佛種,僧身即是法身也。世人所以尊敬三寶者,J34nB311_p0731a03正尊敬自心本性之智行耳。供養僧者,非直以飲食、J34nB311_p0731a04衣服、臥具、醫藥四事具足而資給之,使彼得免經營、J34nB311_p0731a05安身辦道之為我有功德也,正以能使我等發希有J34nB311_p0731a06心、生難遭想,忘軀為法,決擇死生。或因此知苦斷集,J34nB311_p0731a07得出恩愛名利之纏;或因此慕滅脩道,得悟因緣依J34nB311_p0731a08正之業;或因此從佛通儒,得世出世間不二之道;或J34nB311_p0731a09因此明心見性,得向上一路不傳之宗;或因我供一J34nB311_p0731a10真僧,而天下之妄僧俱振;或因我建一正法,而天下J34nB311_p0731a11之邪法皆皈;或因我續一僧之微命,即續三世諸佛J34nB311_p0731a12不絕之慧命;或因我護一僧之初心,即護十方眾生J34nB311_p0731a13常住之真心。如是齋僧,是名供十方法身之父;如是J34nB311_p0731a14護法,是名保三世含識之靈也。故昔日我佛親以大J34nB311_p0731a15法付囑諸大菩薩,於此十方剎土示現國王、大臣、長J34nB311_p0731a16者、居士及四眾人等之身,為內外護,成就莊嚴,此世、J34nB311_p0731a17出世間法所以不致斷滅也。如趙州禪師住院之日,J34nB311_p0731a18燕、趙二王感其道行,息兩國之爭;睦州尊宿以大草J34nB311_p0731a19屨掛於城門,巢賊入境見之,因感悟而救其擾亂;靈J34nB311_p0731a20樹禪師預知廣主有興兵用武之心,即時坐化,遺命J34nB311_p0731a21以消其隱慝;永明壽禪師以一言勸錢王俶納土於J34nB311_p0731a22宋太宗,使浙江一軍十三州俱免血刃,皆是僧法之J34nB311_p0731a23力互相制治而成其至化也。又況能以律制天下殺J34nB311_p0731a24盜篡逆之幾,與消奸淫僭奪之微;又況能以教拓天J34nB311_p0731a25下忠孝廉節之心,與充仁義禮智之性;又況能以禪J34nB311_p0731a26開天下生死性命之關,與明天地人物之主乎?予忝J34nB311_p0731a27生末法,幸廁僧倫,豈敢以我為僧而自贊我僧之法?J34nB311_p0731a28蓋我亦此世間之人也,知有僧之可尊可敬,可以自J34nB311_p0731a29度度人,可以報國主之深恩,可以酬檀護之厚德,是J34nB311_p0731a30故即以此法普告同一佛性、同一智行之人,共相自J34nB311_p0731b01尊自重,自行供養,使此正法常住於世云耳。
刻經以自護心法續佛慧說
J34nB311_p0731b03三世諸佛,一皆以法為師,而得成道,即說法度生。眾J34nB311_p0731b04生雖曰師佛,其實師佛之法也。三寶之以佛為尊者,J34nB311_p0731b05蓋重其法由佛說,僧依法行故也。使佛與僧非如法J34nB311_p0731b06說行,則佛不名其為佛,而僧不成其為僧矣。其法又J34nB311_p0731b07何足貴?亦何能孤起而獨立哉?故佛僧之必依法而J34nB311_p0731b08成其覺道,是法必因佛僧而得常住不滅者,正所謂J34nB311_p0731b09一體三寶是也。所以從上佛祖始終說法,及相授受J34nB311_p0731b10之際,必至囑曰:「善自護持,毋令斷絕。」至再囑諸大開J34nB311_p0731b11士,於十方剎土,示現國王、大臣、長者、居士、四眾等身,J34nB311_p0731b12為內外護。是故不忘付囑之人,普現色身,建法幢於J34nB311_p0731b13處處,破疑網於重重。或捨全身以求半偈,或斷隻臂J34nB311_p0731b14而乞片言,或入海藏而憶餘詮,或造異域而請重譯,J34nB311_p0731b15或弘法而罹禍難,或忍法而雜寇讎。如此苦心苦行,J34nB311_p0731b16無非使諸佛正法眼藏常住於世,以開示悟入一切J34nB311_p0731b17眾生佛之知見耳。余嘗慨近世佛法荒涼,師宗昧滅,J34nB311_p0731b18幸有達觀、雲棲、壽昌三大師,鼎立宇內,使法流傳。余J34nB311_p0731b19已作不二門,發揚雲、壽二大師矣。但未得達大師行J34nB311_p0731b20實,故未之及耳。然聞大師挺身為法,振起頹風,刻方J34nB311_p0731b21冊藏板於徑山,表諸佛法身於末世,至於城邑巖穴,J34nB311_p0731b22莫不深沾法恩,誠可謂功齊諸聖,行越三祗也。予昔J34nB311_p0731b23往徑山禮塔,尋杖履鎚拂,所過化處,求其行實語錄,J34nB311_p0731b24並不能得,因低徊三歎曰:「大師能使從上佛祖法身J34nB311_p0731b25常住於世,即大師之法身也。奈何知尊重供養之名J34nB311_p0731b26像者,獨不知其語錄行實,真大師不滅之全身乎?安J34nB311_p0731b27得天下知法感恩之人,繼述其志事,急為脩葺雙徑J34nB311_p0731b28藏板之所,更於化城鼎建大藏樓閣及諸僧堂,剞劂J34nB311_p0731b29守護,奉此經板。如諸佛法身現在,擁諸梵王、帝釋、天J34nB311_p0731b30人等眾,儼然未散,而為轉法度生,禮拜尊重乎?」余嘗J34nB311_p0731c01笑天下叢林之徒,每自建立靜室,極其巧妙精工,置J34nB311_p0731c02彼玩好器具,不知動費若干。至於尊重經法,與安措J34nB311_p0731c03十方僧堂,不但如積故紙與養犬馬也。悲哉!余昔以J34nB311_p0731c04親柩野寄未葬,不忍此身立簷屋下,況我法身父母J34nB311_p0731c05生靈親依,忍使暴露不顧,而自安精美哉?且我等今J34nB311_p0731c06日受此清貴之福,不有十方僧法之力,又安得享此J34nB311_p0731c07國王檀護之庇乎?余聞宋元之間,藏板尚有二十餘J34nB311_p0731c08副,以遭兵火燬滅之矣。方今止有南北二藏,非遇我J34nB311_p0731c09二祖降詔禮部,並咨天下高僧重新較正,翻刻遍印,J34nB311_p0731c10諸剎流通,加以列聖頒賜護持,則此正法眼藏不幾J34nB311_p0731c11於湮滅歟?余於耿玉齊案見達大師錄,乃蹴起嗟嗟J34nB311_p0731c12曰:「吾不藉此錄,又安見大師雄心猛力荷擔此大法J34nB311_p0731c13哉?」即此可見剝皮析骨與漆書壁經等輩之心至今J34nB311_p0731c14在也。使三皇五帝之典墳及文武周孔之誥籍,不有J34nB311_p0731c15漆壁之人,則一經秦火已無餘矣,安復見上古聖人J34nB311_p0731c16之心膽骨色與大經大法之玅密?而堯舜周孔亦土J34nB311_p0731c17苴糠秕耳,何足以聞見神交於後世哉?審如是,則天J34nB311_p0731c18下名山洞府皆當刻木鐫石,乃至金匱玉函而藏之,J34nB311_p0731c19使山靈鬼神呵護,防其湮滅,以垂不朽可也。悲夫!法J34nB311_p0731c20末道降,聖賢感化,他方世間誣世惑民之書、誤心喪J34nB311_p0731c21志之說,恨無秦火盡為之燬燒,苟不藉此正法眼藏J34nB311_p0731c22開示群迷,則日暮途窮,而彼未歸之客爭免墮落於J34nB311_p0731c23無救也哉?即我壽昌祖未參訪時,因讀《金剛經》而開J34nB311_p0731c24解,後因閱《傳燈》而悟心,則此刻經之功,豈不同活佛J34nB311_p0731c25說法度生之力乎?則此見聞之利,寧不同親承佛祖J34nB311_p0731c26授受之益乎?予於是述茲見聞大法之緣,為刻經之J34nB311_p0731c27勸。
放生以感悟群機祝太平說
J34nB311_p0731c29法界種性,只是一生,以凡聖分,故有戒殺放生四字。J34nB311_p0731c30眾生之本業,只一殺機;諸佛之本業,只一生機;度眾J34nB311_p0732a01生之迷業,只一戒機;成諸佛之覺業,只一放機。殺則J34nB311_p0732a02迷情自墮,戒則悟理自升,放則種智自充,生則覺心J34nB311_p0732a03自妙。夫天地之道,長且久者,只是生生不息,不曰滅J34nB311_p0732a04滅不生。不惟歲次之春夏是生,即秋冬亦生;不惟晝J34nB311_p0732a05之日轉是生,即夜之月運亦生。所以太極、陰陽、五行、J34nB311_p0732a06八卦度數,無有一時一刻不生。即吾人從父母未生J34nB311_p0732a07前以來,至有此身四肢百骸,未有一呼一吸不是生J34nB311_p0732a08也。稍有一氣不生,則此四肢百骸皆潰滅矣。修此幻J34nB311_p0732a09身之術者,尚不可一氣不保全此生,而此至靈之性、J34nB311_p0732a10至妙之智,何可一念不常住此生哉?故戒放二字,曲J34nB311_p0732a11盡三藏玄微,透出別傳機用。蓋戒是遮旨,放是表宗,J34nB311_p0732a12遮則凡聖兩分,表則性相平等。放表之義,的是直指J34nB311_p0732a13天機,橫身異類之妙密也。時有士曰:「此未曾有,從來J34nB311_p0732a14以戒放為佛教之初機,然未聞為妙密別傳之旨也,J34nB311_p0732a15請更詳示之。」杖人曰:「世人多以戒放,只為憐彼刀砧J34nB311_p0732a16烹煮之苦,遂彼恩愛身命之樂,或更藉說法以超度J34nB311_p0732a17之為至耳。然未細剖其所以,能使彼憤發感悟之機,J34nB311_p0732a18速於超凡入聖也。何則?一切眾生,皆死於安樂,多生J34nB311_p0732a19於憂患;皆迷於情欲,多感於死生。至於下劣眾生,黑J34nB311_p0732a20業深重,多不知文字道理知見,及參悟之法。所謂鬼J34nB311_p0732a21神沉憂愁之苦,鳥獸懷獝狘之悲,修羅方嗔,諸天正J34nB311_p0732a22樂,可以整思虞、趣菩提,惟人道為能。人為萬物之靈,J34nB311_p0732a23能知文字道理知見參悟,尚不能直下令彼戒殺放J34nB311_p0732a24生,何能速使直趣無上菩提哉?所謂人而不為,吾末J34nB311_p0732a25如之何也。此裴公深有望於人,獨恨諸天之樂,與四J34nB311_p0732a26惡之苦難度。然則四惡既已難度,今之所謂戒放者,J34nB311_p0732a27不只是戒放,吾人本心之生,自足以消此殺業,充此J34nB311_p0732a28生機歟?是則猶未盡善也。予正妙在四惡道眾生,迷J34nB311_p0732a29到至極之處,全不知文字道理,獨有一念貪生惡死J34nB311_p0732a30之心,雖至蚤虱蜎蝡,若捉之害之,必驚走而竄伏也。J34nB311_p0732b01以故有一人殺彼害彼,則彼惡死之心,恨入藏識,生J34nB311_p0732b02生世世,必冤報不已,必無能自解也。有一人救彼放J34nB311_p0732b03彼,則貪生之心,感透藏識,念念心心,必恩報不已,亦J34nB311_p0732b04必無能自障也。既彼有此感激報恩之心,透出藏識,J34nB311_p0732b05則彼無始積習深業,皆不能為障為迷,反因一念報J34nB311_p0732b06恩之良心良能,頓發良知良行,如一星之火,能燃萬J34nB311_p0732b07劫之稠林,以一念之靈,能豁萬德之光藏,豈不一念J34nB311_p0732b08放生之機,超於諸天之死於欲樂,人道之死於寬閒,J34nB311_p0732b09而頓破萬劫之鐵圍,銷亡無間之地獄哉?所以有雀J34nB311_p0732b10之啣環,龜之載溺,與種種出類生天,及悟道證果,又J34nB311_p0732b11有如鶴勒龍樹諸祖之傳佛正法眼藏者,皆是放其J34nB311_p0732b12本來自性之生生種智也。不見古來有許大聖人,如J34nB311_p0732b13解網易牛,是心足以為王等,皆推天下不可欺之好J34nB311_p0732b14惡,為格致治平,故能救人情欲之死命,放人心性之J34nB311_p0732b15生機,雖至惡至奸至愚至劣之徒,一念憤其感激之J34nB311_p0732b16良,而成天下國家不世之功業,何可指數哉?此皆戒J34nB311_p0732b17放之機而充之也。吾所謂法界只是一生,而妙有別J34nB311_p0732b18傳之旨,而續慧命者,不於此見乎?」
念佛以全提一心成淨土說
J34nB311_p0732b20法界一切含生,元同一心,只因一念妄動,遂自各成J34nB311_p0732b21異途。所以念善則從善,念惡則從惡,念有則墮有,念J34nB311_p0732b22空則沉空,念妄則逐妄輪迴,念真則歸真常住。故說J34nB311_p0732b23心之前謂之性,而與情俱來謂之識。轉識成智,是教J34nB311_p0732b24家之所以指縱也。念者,今心也。就今心而提撕之,眾J34nB311_p0732b25生因念動處而向外流轉,諸佛亦因念動處而向己J34nB311_p0732b26歸還。馳之遠者,愈散而愈迷;返之近者,愈收而愈悟。J34nB311_p0732b27所以迷者亦有深淺,悟者亦有頓漸,救者亦有權實,J34nB311_p0732b28求者亦有速遲。種種設化投機,無非即念接引。然百J34nB311_p0732b29千三昧法門,其最捷最頓,直指全提之法,莫過於自J34nB311_p0732b30心念自佛,自佛念自心,為因果不二,本始同源之妙J34nB311_p0732c01也。蓋十界依正報相,皆循一心之業而得發現,所謂J34nB311_p0732c02情生智隔,想變體殊,心生則種種法生,心滅則種種J34nB311_p0732c03法滅。既一切眾生有此若干種性,色心、情識、欲念、名J34nB311_p0732c04言、習氣、計著、妄想、惡知、惡覺、邪見、邪緣,則此不可思J34nB311_p0732c05議業用,自不得不如是也。是故我佛出世說法四十J34nB311_p0732c06九年,亦因其業用,或談空破有,或談有破空,乃至百J34nB311_p0732c07千方便,互相攻擊,無非欲令眾生發真歸元,不為妄J34nB311_p0732c08想之所轉耳。至於說《彌陀經》,更不分真別妄,較實論J34nB311_p0732c09權,並無頓漸偏圓之可拘,亦無始終大小之可判,直J34nB311_p0732c10是全提一心不亂,清淨解脫之法,使彼一切有見、無J34nB311_p0732c11見、常見、斷見之凡夫、小乘、邪人、外道,一一皆得頓發J34nB311_p0732c12自心,超越世出世法,而成就不可思議功德也。世人J34nB311_p0732c13孰知此經大旨,妙在不立依真起妄、返妄歸真之語,J34nB311_p0732c14但敘彼佛現在說法,其極樂世界依正報相,有如是J34nB311_p0732c15樓閣、階道、水鳥、行樹,有如是聲聞、緣覺、菩薩眾會,皆J34nB311_p0732c16是如來一心清淨行願之所作也。若有善根之人發J34nB311_p0732c17願往生,執持名號,毋論一日、七日,但能一心不亂,自J34nB311_p0732c18然頓斷生死,命根現前,感應道交,即時親見彼佛及J34nB311_p0732c19諸聖眾,豈非臨終西方境,分明在目前,乃吾自心佛J34nB311_p0732c20性現量所成就之功德莊嚴哉?而六方諸佛恐此土J34nB311_p0732c21眾生深信不及,蓋以一向聞佛說法,種種教人觀察J34nB311_p0732c22修省六度萬行,然後始得到佛境界。如何此會但教J34nB311_p0732c23一心持名,不假方便,即得成就如是莊嚴?所以出廣J34nB311_p0732c24長舌,異口同音,稱讚我佛所說一心持名之法,是眾J34nB311_p0732c25生難信之法,是諸佛難行之事。汝等眾生當信一心J34nB311_p0732c26念佛,是諸佛已曾成就不可思議功德之所護念者J34nB311_p0732c27也。若能深信一心持名,則心心清淨,念念解脫,根根J34nB311_p0732c28塵塵週遍法界,皆成莊嚴淨土矣。豈非十世古今,始J34nB311_p0732c29終不離於當念;微塵剎海,自他不隔於毫端哉?雲棲J34nB311_p0732c30大師《彌陀疏鈔》,其中融通藏海,透徹化機,廣大悉備,J34nB311_p0733a01無不極至。余此全提之說,直聊與能信自心之人,與J34nB311_p0733a02不疑禪淨之人,與博觀約取之人,與竿頭進步之人J34nB311_p0733a03為一前矛,而助其一㘞地可也。
持戒以當當心地證法身說
J34nB311_p0733a05夫轉凡成聖,密在雄力之大權;發覺出塵,機在猛省J34nB311_p0733a06之始念。故本師和尚曰:「力生小子。」沙彌曰勤策,惟力J34nB311_p0733a07能生含識之真心,惟勤能策後心之發覺。所以世出J34nB311_p0733a08世法,妙在一念生機,如火之始燃,妙在益薪以助發;J34nB311_p0733a09如泉之始達,妙在撥沙以疏通。又如亡子之思親,始J34nB311_p0733a10有歸家之念;迷途之覓路,始有悟道之由。故我盧舍J34nB311_p0733a11那佛與諸佛說心地法門,如毛頭許,須知秪遮一毛,J34nB311_p0733a12便是十世古今微塵剎海之種性也。令諸佛轉我所J34nB311_p0733a13說,與一切眾生開心地道,如我於心地中初發心中,J34nB311_p0733a14嘗所誦一戒光明金剛寶戒,是一切諸佛本源,是一J34nB311_p0733a15切菩薩種子,一切眾生皆有佛性,一切意識色心皆J34nB311_p0733a16入佛性戒中。當當常有因故,有當當常住法身;有緣J34nB311_p0733a17非無因故,念念不去其心。如是心地十波羅提木叉J34nB311_p0733a18無盡藏品,是一切眾生戒本源,自性清淨。嗚呼!只此J34nB311_p0733a19一段,便是三世諸佛菩薩直指人心,當當見性成佛J34nB311_p0733a20之妙旨也。乃至談經三百餘會,說法四十九年,以至J34nB311_p0733a21末後拈花,亦何曾出此心地法門最初一念發心之J34nB311_p0733a22當當本源佛性哉?良以眾生覺性無常,不自知有,所J34nB311_p0733a23以背覺合塵,不自知返。是故諸佛種種方便,秪欲使J34nB311_p0733a24人發此一念覺心,返本還源,歸無所得而後已也。故J34nB311_p0733a25曰:「我是已成佛,汝是當成佛,一切有心者,皆應受佛J34nB311_p0733a26戒。眾生受佛戒,即入諸佛位,位同大覺已,真是諸佛J34nB311_p0733a27子。」只遮子之一字,便是發覺初心從覺性起,如帝王J34nB311_p0733a28子是王所生,必須長養護持,使戒相具足,戒德圓成,J34nB311_p0733a29方能使此始覺王子還證本覺王位也。或云:但能發J34nB311_p0733a30此戒心,不作不犯,自成性戒,又何必具足戒相與圓J34nB311_p0733b01成戒德乎?曰:是不然。所謂戒心者,即此一念發覺初J34nB311_p0733b02心,勇猛奮烈者是也。若不有戒相,如有力男子欲往J34nB311_p0733b03京師尋求父母,不知前路險夷之相,徒恃己力,不免J34nB311_p0733b04觸途成滯也。有戒相而無戒德,又如有力男子已知J34nB311_p0733b05路途,而未有資糧給使,亦不免半途而廢也。即有相J34nB311_p0733b06德俱圓者,不悟戒性,是猶雖到京師,未知父母落處J34nB311_p0733b07及其本分受用,亦不免錯認它阿爺也,又況能承顏J34nB311_p0733b08色而奉甘旨哉?所謂孝名為戒,亦名制止。苟持戒不J34nB311_p0733b09知戒性之所止,尚得制欲而順其覺性哉?若欲知其J34nB311_p0733b10性戒之所止,直須自知遮念覺心從何而起,則知遮J34nB311_p0733b11念覺心從何而止也。知其所止,則知釋迦牟尼佛從J34nB311_p0733b12體性虛空華光三昧而入,亦復從體性虛空華光三J34nB311_p0733b13昧而出,不知自己覺心出入之所,又安知諸佛安身J34nB311_p0733b14立命之所?又安知眾生安身立命之所哉?故曰:戒性J34nB311_p0733b15如虛空,持者自顛倒。若不悟虛空戒性,正是門外打J34nB311_p0733b16之遶也。是故諸佛愍此心外求法之人,始揭出心地J34nB311_p0733b17法門一毛頭許,令汝自參自悟,令自作皈依,自求超J34nB311_p0733b18越。所以最初入門,必先令三自皈依者何?正以行人J34nB311_p0733b19求戒,遮念覺心,既從覺起,還從覺歸,使彼自求落處。J34nB311_p0733b20於此知所自歸,則知所自依之清淨佛也。蓋覺性無J34nB311_p0733b21常,感善法則從善,感惡法則從惡。欲使覺性常住,妙J34nB311_p0733b22體常明,必須自發真智。決了性真,則自不起覺明分J34nB311_p0733b23別之心,亦不為善惡業緣所惑。又如寶鏡當空,萬形J34nB311_p0733b24俱照。於此知所自歸,則知所自依之微妙法也。智本J34nB311_p0733b25虛明,非行不顯,必須自起真行。行起則知解情空,行J34nB311_p0733b26起則智覺性滿。於此全性成真、全真成性,繁興大用,J34nB311_p0733b27舉體無它,是為真知所自皈依之解脫僧也。吾嘗謂J34nB311_p0733b28若有一法不能了,不名法身;若有一法不能入,不名J34nB311_p0733b29般若;若有一法不能捨,不名解脫。豈非三自皈而三J34nB311_p0733b30聚淨乎?於此透得,則五根本戒,皆以一念發覺而圓J34nB311_p0733c01證之矣。若能發覺自歸,則自無不忍之心,世無可殺J34nB311_p0733c02之命,所謂一念忿起,即是自傷法身慧命也,可不純J34nB311_p0733c03仁而自持乎?若能發覺自歸,則自無不足之神,世無J34nB311_p0733c04有餘之物,所謂一念偷生,即是自棄法身慧命也,可J34nB311_p0733c05不純義而自持乎?若能發覺自歸,則自無能泄之情,J34nB311_p0733c06亦無可惑之色,所謂一念欲萌,即是自喪法身慧命J34nB311_p0733c07也,可不純禮而自持乎?若能發覺自歸,則自無能欺J34nB311_p0733c08之辭,亦無可誑之事,所謂一念妄動,即是自誣法身J34nB311_p0733c09慧命也,可不純智而自持乎?若能發覺自歸,則自無J34nB311_p0733c10可昧之靈,亦無能困之味,所謂一念酣發,即是自顛J34nB311_p0733c11法身慧命也,可不純信而自持乎?此三皈亦猶克己J34nB311_p0733c12存誠,五戒亦猶閑邪四勿,雖淺深之有別,實正助之J34nB311_p0733c13無殊。然此一念發覺始心,又何但能成三皈五戒之J34nB311_p0733c14宗本,直將超越六度萬行,而圓滿四智三身也。誠以J34nB311_p0733c15初心行人深知奉重,則性業遮業自然不作不犯,不J34nB311_p0733c16執身而二乘之戒相自精,不執心而大士之戒德自J34nB311_p0733c17備,不執性而諸佛之戒體自虛,吾之所謂當當常有J34nB311_p0733c18因故,有當當常住法身者,豈非頓證此始覺而成本J34nB311_p0733c19覺哉?故我博山大師云:「戒有大小,體非異同;戒有廣J34nB311_p0733c20略,理無分析;戒有斷續,性絕開遮。自非利生大士不J34nB311_p0733c21無犯於塵勞,有力行人何難行於頃刻?」審如是也,能J34nB311_p0733c22於頃刻聞思而修,奮烈而行,則此一毛頭許可以含J34nB311_p0733c23吐十虛,融通法界也,可不自尊自重,獨秉此發覺真J34nB311_p0733c24心,徹證本源佛性之金剛三昧哉?
參證以激發精微透千聖說
J34nB311_p0733c26盤山云:「向上一路,千聖不傳。」汾陽云:「向上一路,千聖J34nB311_p0733c27不然。」即此不傳、不然二語,已劈腹刳心,為千萬世道J34nB311_p0733c28破矣。雖然如是,若不曾親向懸崖撒手,絕後重甦得J34nB311_p0733c29來,依舊屋裏販楊州,有甚理會處?不是徹底掀翻、打J34nB311_p0733c30破漆桶,又安得立地搆去?可中須遇真正大手眼作J34nB311_p0734a01家始得,不則縱抱荊山之璧,誰能賞鑒而剖示之哉?J34nB311_p0734a02余嘗有語云:「不慮英奇之不頓悟,特患無全機大用J34nB311_p0734a03之師;不慮宗匠之不奇逢,特患無深參徹究之士。」然J34nB311_p0734a04則師資之真相遇者,誠千古之未易得也。即如達摩J34nB311_p0734a05未曾西來此土,豈真無祖意哉?然達摩未來,而直指J34nB311_p0734a06人心、見性成佛之旨,何六朝已前絕無一人承當耶?J34nB311_p0734a07不惟達摩未來此土不知立地成佛之旨,使摩騰未J34nB311_p0734a08來而此土亦先知有生死輪迴之說也乎?是則佛本J34nB311_p0734a09自心,非人指授不見;心本是佛,非人參悟不明。而參J34nB311_p0734a10悟之中更有淺深,其指授之中尤有邪正。不然,世出J34nB311_p0734a11世法安得有聖凡之異類、大小之多乘哉?是故參須J34nB311_p0734a12參向上之人,證須證莫大之法,庶不偏落邪外,自陷J34nB311_p0734a13於坑阱也。或問:西天之外道甚多,何也?曰:彼方以大J34nB311_p0734a14法流布之廣遠故也。如此方初未有佛之正法,又安J34nB311_p0734a15有邪外之法哉?其邪外之法非別有種性,正以學佛J34nB311_p0734a16正法之未盡其廣大精微,而各執其小見偏知,遂各J34nB311_p0734a17成其邪外之異端耳。不惟出世之法為然,即世間文J34nB311_p0734a18章六藝、工巧百技,凡有一人得其真正之法,則必有J34nB311_p0734a19無限倣效習學者。其倣效之不似,與習學之未成,或J34nB311_p0734a20傳於世,世復以未真者為真法,傳未成者為成法,學J34nB311_p0734a21以謬傳,謬以訛學,訛則蔓延滿天下矣。故世間之名J34nB311_p0734a22世,如唐詩、晉字、漢文章,千百年來,學者滿天下,有幾J34nB311_p0734a23人能詩如李、杜,字如二王,文如史遷乎?故善學者,須J34nB311_p0734a24學其已成之法,不學其未成之法,亦在學者之下。人J34nB311_p0734a25心精,則其得道必真也。自斷臂求法已來,為法忘軀J34nB311_p0734a26者,往往皆是,總以致其精誠,自成變化,絕非有一毫J34nB311_p0734a27假飾而可得也。禪宗之盛,莫過馬祖、石頭之世,已自J34nB311_p0734a28有邪外妖孽,故德山、黃檗每切齒痛恨,而欲敲其骨、J34nB311_p0734a29出其髓也。不道無禪,直是無師耳。夾山開法竹林,幸J34nB311_p0734a30有祖師骨性,纔聞道吾譏笑,立時棄眾而參船子。黃J34nB311_p0734b01龍南已受泐潭澄之分座,遇雲峰悅之憤激,而重鍛J34nB311_p0734b02煉於慈明。兜率悅已獲真淨文之旨訣,值清素老之J34nB311_p0734b03錐劄,而重透脫其瞞頇。若此數老,何可指屈?使生今J34nB311_p0734b04世,得一知半解,已出世為人矣。天下寥寥,孰能窺其J34nB311_p0734b05破綻,攻其敗缺,與激其肯心,服其私意哉?又孰能如J34nB311_p0734b06諸師之下已虛懷,不顧名位,不惜身命,獨求大法哉?J34nB311_p0734b07余又竊思古人之誤,非今人之欺也。古人至有冒濫,J34nB311_p0734b08非彼成心故作,稍一知非,便乃翻然改過,究竟不失J34nB311_p0734b09其奇偉俊傑,抑且愈見其赫奕光明。今則不然,明知J34nB311_p0734b10心行之非,了見疾疚之過,不肯棄捨一時之名利,專J34nB311_p0734b11以回互四眾之譏嫌,故故不肯虛心下氣,故故不願J34nB311_p0734b12了死出生。使佛祖親執鍵鎚,考其虛實,明辨是非,彼J34nB311_p0734b13寧甘心碎身供塵土矣,孰肯憤然自怨自艾而自透J34nB311_p0734b14露乎?宋丞相張無盡初作無佛論,幸夫人激入此道,J34nB311_p0734b15閱《維摩經》有省。復過廬山,謁東林總,密與盤錯,大為J34nB311_p0734b16印可。及見兜率悅,遭其毒手。再過歸宗,又蹉過真淨J34nB311_p0734b17之熱罵後,洪覺掩鼻笑曰:「葉公好龍。及見真龍,乃怖J34nB311_p0734b18走耳。」噫!如此一人見如此諸大宗師,受如此鍵鎚鍛J34nB311_p0734b19煉,尚有如此曲折疑昧,又況曾未見人與未經爐鎚J34nB311_p0734b20者乎?即大慧杲遍參諸方,誰不許可?惟杲不肯自欺,J34nB311_p0734b21乃曰:「彼皆證我,奈我自心不然何?」後見圓悟勤,而平J34nB311_p0734b22日知見冰消,始為到家時節。吁!今人非此種性,無此J34nB311_p0734b23決定,又安得巖崩石裂,天迴地轉之受用哉?從上諸J34nB311_p0734b24祖於師資兩相求有如此之難,古今較參證有如此J34nB311_p0734b25之異,使真正有血性為生死者,聞此憤發,當何如耶?
著述以密傳心神授萬世說
J34nB311_p0734b27《中庸》稱仲尼祖述堯舜,憲章文武。蓋孔子生於周衰,J34nB311_p0734b28世道當秋,如天地萬物發生暢茂之極,而將凋零之J34nB311_p0734b29時也。自非孔子以大經大法,集成始終一貫之大成,J34nB311_p0734b30則從上聖聖之文章性道,精一神明,有不勝支離散J34nB311_p0734c01落者矣。至孟氏時,復有楊墨之仁義,荊榛塞路。蓋聖J34nB311_p0734c02人之道,如天地之高厚,山海之峻深,彼曲學小見,不J34nB311_p0734c03能盡窺其廣大精微,盲人摸象,耳鼻蹄脊,各得一端,J34nB311_p0734c04遂成異端之偏執,而全體大用失矣。孟子以能言拒J34nB311_p0734c05楊墨者,為孔子之徒,豈容己乎?即吾出世法,固有類J34nB311_p0734c06此不容己者。我佛生西域將千年,此土尚未聞其名J34nB311_p0734c07字。及摩騰尊者入漢,始傳佛之聲教。至達摩大師來J34nB311_p0734c08梁,始傳佛之心宗。則此聲教之關於世也大矣。初禪J34nB311_p0734c09宗之來,輒呵斥執文字名相,其教律諸家,互相作難,J34nB311_p0734c10賴有法力神通,而顯化折服之。其教雖迭廢迭興,而J34nB311_p0734c11天下學者,紛綸異議,猶自梗其正化。唐末有永明壽J34nB311_p0734c12禪師,出而會通解息之,乃作《宗鏡錄》百卷。此書初出,J34nB311_p0734c13即為外國師奉矣。嘉祐中,有繼韓排佛者,明教嵩禪J34nB311_p0734c14師,起而作《正宗記》,及《定祖圖》、《輔教編》,伏闕上書。仁宗J34nB311_p0734c15大喜,旌以明教大師,賜其書入藏。一時士夫如歐陽J34nB311_p0734c16修輩,見其文咸色驚心折而歸敬焉。然自馬祖、石頭J34nB311_p0734c17二支,分為溈仰、臨濟、曹洞、雲門、法眼五大宗派,而天J34nB311_p0734c18下枝葉蔓衍其中,學人冒濫師承、參證無據者,往往J34nB311_p0734c19僭竊公行而壞正法。於是有道原禪師深為此懼,乃J34nB311_p0734c20披奕世之祖圖,集諸家之語錄,由七佛以至法眼之J34nB311_p0734c21嗣,凡五十二世,一千七百一人,成三十卷,目之曰《景J34nB311_p0734c22德傳燈錄》,詣闕上進。章聖皇帝詔翰林學士臣楊億J34nB311_p0734c23等同加裁定,敕賜流通。自是師承源流乃有證據,亡J34nB311_p0734c24賴之徒亦不敢篡亂矣。沿宋元之末以及今時,漸見J34nB311_p0734c25師法日微,邪外昌熾,胠篋祖道者不可勝數,而此宗J34nB311_p0734c26之正脈離散欲絕,未見有能大振而反正者。即間有J34nB311_p0734c27餘波末流,自謂參究得悟,復以提演示人,何曾有不J34nB311_p0734c28以死語死法而綴繫於人者哉?正如宋之竊竊說道J34nB311_p0734c29學仁義者,雖有功於澆漓傾險之俗,至於臆解聖經,J34nB311_p0734c30胼擬性命,不能不獲罪於孔孟也。嗟乎!法運值此,尚J34nB311_p0735a01何言哉?余每念宗風之不振,正以祖道之正脈不行J34nB311_p0735a02於世,故邪外乘隙以蒙蔽其法,而不通明也。苟有能J34nB311_p0735a03自明悟之人,先定其宗旨,正其門庭,嚴其號令,密其J34nB311_p0735a04關鍵,斥其邪說,絕其跛行,闢其道途,端其向往,則天J34nB311_p0735a05下有血性英靈之徒,未有不共相振刷,而望風自立J34nB311_p0735a06者矣。夫如是,則千聖之師法,不容不急為之先舉也。J34nB311_p0735a07余於歷祖宗燈,欲編集五種書。其一,較正諸祖語錄,J34nB311_p0735a08不論多少,各以全部流行。其二,續傳燈錄,凡有語錄J34nB311_p0735a09者,精擇其事;無語錄者,單詞片句,若碑記所載。凡有J34nB311_p0735a10師承者,皆不敢遺,以為統紀,備參證也。其三,作選祖J34nB311_p0735a11傳,以具全機大用,堪為萬世宗門作法印者,如洪覺J34nB311_p0735a12範之《僧寶傳》而評贊之,抑揚斷論,略倣史法。其四,單J34nB311_p0735a13集五家宗旨為五部,指出師承源流,而定其門庭堂J34nB311_p0735a14奧,貴在識真偽,辯正邪,使此五家子孫有所證據,不J34nB311_p0735a15復亂統失宗。其五,撰十法集,以足為十大法中所列J34nB311_p0735a16之法印者,各取其所長而入集中,評斷激揚,永為灶J34nB311_p0735a17鑑,此亦有大一統正名分之意乎。嗟乎!不欺夙願,而J34nB311_p0735a18隨薪火之緣,果能集成,以質天下後世,斯亦不負區J34nB311_p0735a19區繼述之一報也。