一貫別傳
一貫別傳卷三
一貫別傳卷三
J40nB480_p0162c02 J40nB480_p0162c03釋宗
J40nB480_p0162c04世尊拈花,迦葉破顏微笑,蓋此花自日月燈明來。至於J40nB480_p0162c05阿難,則又倒卻門前插竿矣。展轉相傳,如一燈然百千J40nB480_p0162c06燈,明明無盡,故西天所以有二十八相也。末後菩提達J40nB480_p0162c07磨,則為東土初祖。熊耳之壁觀髓,總濬於神光;黃梅之J40nB480_p0162c08偈呈心,卻傳夫懷護。繼而有瞬日揚眉、擎拳舉指者,或J40nB480_p0162c09行棒行喝、豎拂拈搥者,或持又張弓、輥毬舞笏者,或拽J40nB480_p0162c10石搬上、打鼓吹毛者,或一默一言、一吁一笑者,皆不離J40nB480_p0162c11這夜夜同眠、朝朝共起的東西,於日用中朝三暮四、朝J40nB480_p0162c12四暮三耳。且道今日落在吹萬和尚處又作麼生?南山J40nB480_p0162c13之竹,羖羊之毛,卷析塵中揚綴露,眼開壁上點扶搖,書J40nB480_p0162c14單越於兩夬,畫浮提於半刀。以之駕須彌,則量等須彌;J40nB480_p0162c15以之駕法界,則光充法界;以之傳真,真不立;以之分妄,J40nB480_p0162c16妄本空。試問:山未產竹時,地未生羊時,佛未說法時,駕J40nB480_p0162c17箇甚麼?註箇甚麼?曰:不道駕註不得,只是諸人難識。
心經總說。
金剛經
J40nB480_p0163a10大義。
《金剛經》者,乃三藏之骨髓。而四句偈,是經之骨髓。所以J40nB480_p0163a12須菩提首問:「云何應住?云何降伏?」啟四句偈之旨也。世J40nB480_p0163a13尊荅:「應如是住,如是降伏。」顯四句偈之妙也。種種譬喻,J40nB480_p0163a14多以布施功德為較量者,證四句偈之無窮也。及至云J40nB480_p0163a15何為人演說,不取於相,如如不動,提四句偈之究竟也。J40nB480_p0163a16夫何以謂之四句偈也。傅大士云:「若論四句偈,應當不J40nB480_p0163a17離身。」如如居士顏柄曰:「生死不能汩,凡聖立下風。在於J40nB480_p0163a18尋常日用中,字字放光,頭頭顯露,初無一點文墨污。惟J40nB480_p0163a19有過量人,方知鼻孔原來在面上。」以此觀之,則世尊亦J40nB480_p0163a20未嘗說出,欲令人不取於法相,而自契本地風光者也。J40nB480_p0163a21何往往執文泥象之流,擅來肉上剜瘡,眼中著屑,苦苦J40nB480_p0163a22穿鑿如此。或以經中見成四句偈而參者,此聲聞之見J40nB480_p0163a23解也。或以隨意到處而拈為偈以悟者,此菩薩之見解J40nB480_p0163a24也。又或者曰:無法無非法,無人無我,無生無滅,無佛無J40nB480_p0163a25眾生,以此無作無為而為偈者,此外道之見解也。在如J40nB480_p0163a26來則不然,本自無法可說,是名說法;本自無生,今亦無J40nB480_p0163a27滅;本無菩薩,亦無菩薩字;本無四句偈,亦無四句偈字;J40nB480_p0163a28本無菩提,亦無成菩提者;本來無佛,亦無成佛者;本無J40nB480_p0163a29眾生,亦無號眾生者。自性如如,常住於世,不容一物,而J40nB480_p0163a30不礙一物,是則名為真四句偈也。且世尊住世四十九J40nB480_p0163b01年,說法五千餘卷,迺獨難說此四句偈耶?是偏本不容J40nB480_p0163b02說,說則反落為文字,而成死偈,致人不去分中尋活▆J40nB480_p0163b03也。若會得活的,則部部字字皆為真偈,即曰醍醐。如▆J40nB480_p0163b04未然,則部部字字皆為文字,而成毒藥。
須菩提請問:「云何應住」節。
須菩提問:「云何應住?云何降伏其心?」此即文殊白椎之J40nB480_p0163b07請,非教相啟問之語也。世尊云:「應如是住,如是降伏其J40nB480_p0163b08心。」這一轉語,又令良馬見鞭影而行,非荅辭下註腳也。J40nB480_p0163b09義學之師,多有不會本地金剛,錯認如是二字,或指東J40nB480_p0163b10畫西,引前結後而解。所以古佛過去久矣。獨如如居士J40nB480_p0163b11顏柄釋曰:「如是者,只這是也。略有少分相應。」不見大珠J40nB480_p0163b12慧海禪師初參馬祖,祖問曰:「從何處來?」曰:「越州大雲寺J40nB480_p0163b13來。」祖曰:「來此擬求何事?」曰:「來求佛法。」祖曰:「自家寶藏不J40nB480_p0163b14顧,拋家散走作甚麼?我這裡一物也無,求甚麼佛法?」師J40nB480_p0163b15遂禮拜,問曰:「阿那箇是慧海自家寶藏?」祖曰:「即今問我J40nB480_p0163b16者,是汝寶藏。一切具足,更無欠少,使用自在,何假向外J40nB480_p0163b17求覓?」師於言下自識本心。若會得此經問荅,即與此段J40nB480_p0163b18公案相合。問處即住處,住處即降伏,何勞捕影尋蹤,牽J40nB480_p0163b19藤引蔓也?向上者當著眼。
九種眾生。
九種眾生者,有因有果,多以《楞嚴》十二髏生解者,猶未J40nB480_p0163b22得其旨也。何也?十二髏生,即四生可統矣,而後五種,乃J40nB480_p0163b23色界、無色界天人也,安能以螢蚌銷沉,鬼神木石,蒲蘆J40nB480_p0163b24裊鏡而解之耶?如卵生則以迷性為因,故無明凝結而J40nB480_p0163b25造業;胎生則以習性為因,故雜染煩惱而流轉;濕生則J40nB480_p0163b26以隨邪性為因,故欲愛浸淫而使心不定;化生則以見J40nB480_p0163b27趣性為因,故徹起善惡妄緣,而入天堂地獄。若有色者,J40nB480_p0163b28謂起心修心,妄見是非,內不契無相之理為因,其所證J40nB480_p0163b29初禪天至四禪天諸天人,此天人但有色身,而無男女J40nB480_p0163b30之根,絕其情欲也。若無色者,謂內心守直,不行恭敬供J40nB480_p0163c01養,但言直心是佛,不修福慧為因,其所證即無色界之J40nB480_p0163c02諸天人,無有色身,惟一靈識而已。若有想者,謂不了中J40nB480_p0163c03道,眼見耳聞,心想思惟,愛著法相,口說佛行,心不依佛J40nB480_p0163c04為因,其所證即有想天之諸天人,亦無色身,惟微想念J40nB480_p0163c05而已。若無想者,謂迷人坐禪,一向除妄,不舉慈悲喜捨、J40nB480_p0163c06智慧方便,猶如木石,無有作用為因,其所證即無想天J40nB480_p0163c07之諸天人,但一念寂然不動而已。若非有想非無想者,J40nB480_p0163c08謂不著有無二法想,然有求埋之心在,以此為因,其所J40nB480_p0163c09證即非想非非想天人,念雖寂然不動,而不似木石,猶J40nB480_p0163c10有活機存焉。此乃三界之極處也,其壽泰止於八萬劫J40nB480_p0163c11而已。嗚呼!其能頓開九種,卓越乎三界者誰耶?咦!公若J40nB480_p0163c12知本源,佛亦不相似。
若心取法,即為著我、人、眾生、壽者。
我、人、眾生、壽命四相,有於法上解者,有於相上解者,有J40nB480_p0163c15於心識中執著處說者,俱未得旨趣。何也?若以解前章J40nB480_p0163c16之四相,猶可饒舌,此節云若心眼法,降為著我、人、眾生、J40nB480_p0163c17壽者,似難以之分解也。且如以經為法,過眼觀之,心即J40nB480_p0163c18愛樂,故名為取。要見一取之際,以何為我,以何為人,以J40nB480_p0163c19何為眾生,以何為壽者,分之不得,一之不可,所以未適J40nB480_p0163c20邯鄲,切忌效走也。吹萬曰:眾生色質,六根所統,故六根J40nB480_p0163c21即我相也。既有內根,則有外塵所對,故六塵即人相也。J40nB480_p0163c22根塵相偶,識生其中,故六識即眾生相也。三者與生俱J40nB480_p0163c23生,相續不斷,故為壽者相也。夫如是,則眼見色,即識其J40nB480_p0163c24色,執之不去,四相一時披露矣。故曰:若心取法,即著我、J40nB480_p0163c25人、眾生、壽者,乃至取非法,亦復如是。昔西天梵志,以兩J40nB480_p0163c26手執合歡梧桐花,供養世尊,佛令放下著。志即放下左J40nB480_p0163c27手之花,佛又云:「放下著。」志又放下右手之花,佛又云:「放J40nB480_p0163c28下著。」志曰:「某甲兩手放下,還教放下箇甚麼?」佛曰:「我教J40nB480_p0163c29你放下六根、六塵、六識。」志於此得悟。蓋根身、器界、無明、J40nB480_p0163c30煩惱,總由三者而有,若三者解脫,則四相絕矣。故予教J40nB480_p0164a01人離去四者,當在這裡薦取。
我念過去無量阿僧祗劫至無一空過者。
經云:「我念過去無量阿僧祗劫,於然燈佛前得值八百J40nB480_p0164a04四千萬億那由他諸佛,悉皆供養承事,無一空過者。」翠J40nB480_p0164a05巖禪師曰:「道遠乎哉?觸事而真。聖遠乎哉?體之即神。所J40nB480_p0164a06以香積世界以香飯為佛事,娑婆世界以音聲為佛事。J40nB480_p0164a07翠巖這裡只以出入息內供養承事三世諸佛,無一空J40nB480_p0164a08過者。三世諸佛是翠巖侍者,無一不到。如一不到,打三J40nB480_p0164a09十棒。諸上座還會麼?所謂將此深心奉塵剎,是則名為J40nB480_p0164a10報佛恩也。」據此老所見,大似親得如來心傳供養之理。J40nB480_p0164a11《寶積經》云:「無佛想,無法想,無僧想,無人想,無自無他想,J40nB480_p0164a12是則名曰供養如來。」然既無諸想,則出息不涉眾緣,入J40nB480_p0164a13息不居陰界矣。吹萬曰:貧道無蓄物,畢竟是這等供養。
五眼。
或則如來所具五眼,眾所見者,唯知兩青蓮目為佛眼,J40nB480_p0164a16而彼四眼,又在何處?若謂一佛眼統之,則先德註云:「肉J40nB480_p0164a17眼礙非通之句,難於佛分上說也。且經云:『如來有肉眼。』J40nB480_p0164a18是佛之肉眼,果有礙而不通耶?在凡夫之肉眼則可,倘J40nB480_p0164a19佛之所具,似不可模胡放過關也?」吹萬曰:如來兩目青J40nB480_p0164a20眸,不異凡夫,以此能知四生六道升沉因果,故曰肉眼。J40nB480_p0164a21佛性先天,而天弗違,謂之天中之天,以此能知三界九J40nB480_p0164a22地差別因緣,故曰天眼。如來具四智,證六通,遍無量身,J40nB480_p0164a23了三世事,故曰慧眼。如來自菩提場,三七思惟,轉十二J40nB480_p0164a24行法輪,宣五時半滿之教,末後拈花,直指妙心,故曰法J40nB480_p0164a25眼。如來具足圓覺,住持圓覺,現八萬四千相好光明藏J40nB480_p0164a26身,坐恒河沙世界剎海金蓮,故曰佛眼。諸仁者!要得具J40nB480_p0164a27此五眼,不可向外別求。貧道喫茶時,口上有眼;背後摸J40nB480_p0164a28枕子,手上有眼;夜行不踏水,腳上有眼。玄沙云:「盡十方J40nB480_p0164a29世界,是沙門一隻眼;盡十方世界,在沙門眼裡。」汝等諸J40nB480_p0164a30人,又作麼生看照?咦!
彌陀經
J40nB480_p0164b02若一日至一心不亂。
經云「若一日,若二日」者,皆不定之辭,即若有人或一日,J40nB480_p0164b04或二日之義。一心不亂者,有事有理。事者,謂先須斂念J40nB480_p0164b05合掌,正身端坐,住想彼佛丈六金身、三十二相、八十種J40nB480_p0164b06好,一心歸依念佛,相續不忘,此心專注,不為塵緣之所J40nB480_p0164b07擾亂。此事之一心不亂,專持名號也。理者,此念佛之時,J40nB480_p0164b08審這音聲從何處起,及至念後,看這音聲從何處滅,念J40nB480_p0164b09者何人,審者何人,滅者是誰,看者是誰,參來參去,參到J40nB480_p0164b10參不得處,忽然摸著鼻孔,通身汗下,方知道這箇原是J40nB480_p0164b11自家有的,自歷劫以來不曾變。此理之一心不亂,專持J40nB480_p0164b12名號也。如或理事相融,脫開對治,則入門見彌陀,出門J40nB480_p0164b13遇釋迦,折伏攝受,若指諸掌也。吹萬曰:汝若不來,東勝J40nB480_p0164b14神州持缽,西瞿耶尼喫飯,入門見阿誰,出門遇甚麼?
一切諸佛所護念經。
此經乃世尊演說彌陀樂上功德,故不可思議其量。而J40nB480_p0164b17復舉諸佛護念是經及持經之人,蓋此法利益廣大,所J40nB480_p0164b18以諸佛稱讚。大護念者,護其念也。一念方萌,萬機齊出,J40nB480_p0164b19善惡好醜,無所不為。唯過去諸佛收一念,復於天性護J40nB480_p0164b20持不動,自然定慧有常,故名為經。經者,路也。此是修行J40nB480_p0164b21真常之路也。彌陀釋迦曾如此護念,十方諸佛亦曾如J40nB480_p0164b22此護念,現在眾生亦必如此護念,故曰所護念經。僧問J40nB480_p0164b23雲門:「不起一念,還有過也無?」門云:「須彌山。」只今護念者,J40nB480_p0164b24不知有過無過?咦!
四十二章經
J40nB480_p0164b26問沙門章
經云:「佛問一沙門:『人命在幾間?』門云:『命在數日問。』佛言:J40nB480_p0164b28『去!子未能為道。』又問一沙門:『人命在幾間?』門云:『命在飯J40nB480_p0164b29食間。』佛言:『去!子未能為道。』又問一沙門:『人命在幾間?』門J40nB480_p0164b30云:『命在呼吸間。』佛言:『善哉!善哉!子可謂真為道者矣。』」妙J40nB480_p0164c01明了曰:「一日無食,則道絕矣。」前兩者所言命在飯食與J40nB480_p0164c02數目,特重在接命之處,烏足為入道之旨?所云呼吸圓J40nB480_p0164c03者,見吾子曰:人能觀天之道,執天之行,知陰陽之行度,J40nB480_p0164c04識魂魄之所居,則周天三百六十五度,循環一息之頃,J40nB480_p0164c05而日月出入呼吸之微。呼為陽,吸為陰,與天地同一妙J40nB480_p0164c06用,不必求之他也。此正我命在我,不由乎天。故世尊深J40nB480_p0164c07讚之者,美其呼吸間未嘗離道也。即子思所謂道也者,J40nB480_p0164c08不可須臾離也,可離非道也。然間之一字,最要究竟。凡J40nB480_p0164c09人有呼吸即有出入,有出入即有動靜。而曰間者,乃非呼J40nB480_p0164c10非吸而能隨乎呼吸,非出非入而能順乎出入,非動非J40nB480_p0164c11靜而能宰乎動靜者也。所以人之不可離道,猶魚之不J40nB480_p0164c12可離水。魚可以須臾離水乎?人可以須臾離道乎?柰何J40nB480_p0164c13空中飛鳥,不知空是家鄉;水底遊魚,忘卻水為性命。故J40nB480_p0164c14魚不識水,鳥不識空,人不知道者多矣。古德云:「人身似J40nB480_p0164c15烏鴉形,身在虛空,心在糞草。」若肯於糞草上拾得心回,J40nB480_p0164c16則十方虛空悉皆銷殞。不枉摩騰竺法,特來東上一過。
維摩經
J40nB480_p0164c18診脈說。
人只知維摩之病為病,而不知維摩之所以為病。何則?J40nB480_p0164c20薄伽梵演教菴羅樹,▆閘隨心佛上,拂拭無遮,卻有優J40nB480_p0164c21娑塞微妙解脫存焉;維摩詰應化毘耶離城,現不可思J40nB480_p0164c22議神通,招提淨行,不無僧伽耶抖擻規則在焉。二者得J40nB480_p0164c23非真諦、俗諦權柄乎?故維摩之病自此出也。眾生從無J40nB480_p0164c24始以來,嘗認為我心者,乃客塵虛妄之心,乍起乍滅,屬J40nB480_p0164c25無常法,非我心也;嘗認為我身者,乃四大假合之身,旋J40nB480_p0164c26聚旋散,屬無常法,非我身也。我有真心,廣大靈知者是J40nB480_p0164c27也;我有真身,圓滿空寂者是也。惟不悟於此,故眾生病J40nB480_p0164c28亦自此出也。眾生病故,維摩亦病;維摩病故,釋迦亦病;J40nB480_p0164c29釋迦病故,文殊亦病;文殊病故,隨入室中,大弟子亦病;J40nB480_p0164c30弟子病故,阿難於罷席囑累時亦病;阿難病故,鳩摩羅J40nB480_p0165a01什於譯經處亦病;羅什既病故,予今日亦病矣。蓋予之J40nB480_p0165a02所病,不在身心,而在診脈。予以此經為四大身,以釋迦、J40nB480_p0165a03維摩、文殊為精神氣,以文字句意種種相法為病。夫如J40nB480_p0165a04是,不可無診脈也。猶慮乍入吾道者,不得骨髓而按皮J40nB480_p0165a05膚,不察疚疣而味藥餌,睹丈室而不入,遇獅座而不昇,J40nB480_p0165a06見不可思議解脫菩薩而若驚若怖,面東方無動如來J40nB480_p0165a07而若有若癡,此皆不患其罔措,而患其未點眼也,故診J40nB480_p0165a08脈之病亦由此出也。今而後,方知病藥如幻,而凡聖如J40nB480_p0165a09夢,身不我有,而心不我生,一部維摩法,全體眾生性,具J40nB480_p0165a10眼觀來,復何疑哉?
維摩接妙喜國土。
或問:「維摩詰不起於座、入於三昧,接妙喜國土如陶家J40nB480_p0165a13輪,入此世界猶▆華鬘,而此世界不增減、不迫隘,此是J40nB480_p0165a14神通耶?寓言耶?法性耶?若謂神通所現,則十大弟子皆J40nB480_p0165a15有神通,孰不可現?若是寓言,則類齊諧怪異之事;若謂J40nB480_p0165a16法性本具,應須直指,何必牽藤引蔓、賣弄精魂作麼?請J40nB480_p0165a17釋其疑。」吹萬曰:「此張畫圖,維摩長者大似掩耳偷鈴,亦難J40nB480_p0165a18瞞人瞞己,予不免為渠下箇註腳,然非缽外安柄也。吾J40nB480_p0165a19想維摩四大,何嘗不是娑婆世界?清靜本然,何嘗不是J40nB480_p0165a20妙喜國土?且能不起於座、入於三昧,所謂一念不生全J40nB480_p0165a21體現矣,又安知無動如來境分明在目前耶?幸得世尊J40nB480_p0165a22略露箇消息,有國名妙喜,佛號無動,是維摩詰於彼國J40nB480_p0165a23沒而來生此,可見維摩已曾帶得無動老子來也。蓋無J40nB480_p0165a24動者,即根本不動智也,何人無之?但有而不能搬運神J40nB480_p0165a25通耳。若遇思大禪師,則三世諸佛一口吞盡,那裡得箇J40nB480_p0165a26餘剩的與你東抬西拓?」
不二法門。
時維摩默然無言。文殊師利歎曰:「善哉!善哉!乃至無有J40nB480_p0165a29文字語言,是真入不二法門。」據此一轉語,若是作家相J40nB480_p0165a30會,不被瞞頇;若是未到維摩境界,等閒墮在無事甲中J40nB480_p0165b01去也。蓋不二者,一也,即《楞嚴》所謂十方如來超出之一J40nB480_p0165b02門也,妙莊嚴之一路也。今曰真入不二法門,但不知以J40nB480_p0165b03默然為不二耶?以無言為不二耶?以無有文字為不二J40nB480_p0165b04耶?若以默然為不二,恐內守幽間,猶是法塵分別影事;J40nB480_p0165b05若以無言為不二,然維摩何嘗守著不語戒?若以無有J40nB480_p0165b06文字為不二,恐未曾夢見《金剛經》,就效德山燒疏鈔,且J40nB480_p0165b07莫造次。吹萬曰:不二法門者,自觀之。維摩詰長者居毗J40nB480_p0165b08耶離城,示有妻子,常修梵行;現有眷屬,常樂遠離。若在J40nB480_p0165b09居士、居士中尊,乃至在於剎利、婆羅門、大臣、王子、內官、J40nB480_p0165b10庶民、梵天、帝釋中,處處稱尊,饒益眾生時,已示現之矣。J40nB480_p0165b11師以方便,現身有疾,諸大弟子及文殊入室談問,取飯J40nB480_p0165b12香積,借座燈王,未嘗離此不二法門,何待於此默然無J40nB480_p0165b13言,然後顯之乎?第有說時,百花林裡過,一葉不粘身;無J40nB480_p0165b14說時,匝地紅輪秀,海底不生華。要知默然消息,則靈山J40nB480_p0165b15如畫月,曹溪如指月,怎似魯祖在水晶宮中、廣寒殿裡?J40nB480_p0165b16欲入門者,不免學箇壁觀婆羅門,猶較些些。
楞伽經
J40nB480_p0165b18總說。
此經即以說法處為宗,則一部文句,皆為註解。蓋楞伽J40nB480_p0165b20者,寶名也。阿跋多羅者,山名也。此山在西域南海之中,J40nB480_p0165b21乃夜叉鬼王所有。若遇天霽賜輝,則海波停靜,而此山J40nB480_p0165b22影跡全無。倘狂風陣發,則海霧彌空,而此山愈高愈大。J40nB480_p0165b23然非有神通者,必不能上。一日,世尊自龍宮來,偶過此J40nB480_p0165b24山。夜叉王請座於內,始演此經。比時當機者,則有大慧J40nB480_p0165b25菩薩。相詢以一百八問,則世出世法已盡其數矣。而世J40nB480_p0165b26尊酬之以一百八荅,則相即非相、非相即相之理明矣。J40nB480_p0165b27然李長者所立宗趣,又以五法、三自性、八識、二無我為J40nB480_p0165b28之者。正對說法之處,理跡雙顯,體用全披。夫何以見其J40nB480_p0165b29雙顯全披也。彼之南海,天霽朗明,則風停浪靜而無山。J40nB480_p0165b30即吾之性海,心滅法空而無物。是則謂之人無我、法無J40nB480_p0165c01我矣。彼之海心,風浪驟起而有山,愈湧而愈大,復居之J40nB480_p0165c02以夜叉上者,即吾之性中,境觸煩惱生,情交顛倒起,便J40nB480_p0165c03有名、有相、有八識、有妄想自性、緣起自性也。此非人我J40nB480_p0165c04山而何?且山中有楞伽之寶,八楞而色碧,又屬夜叉而J40nB480_p0165c05守之,況復無神通者睹之而莫往?可見煩惱顛倒起時,J40nB480_p0165c06形未變而心已夜叉,性未吐而識先波浪。若在這裡,痛J40nB480_p0165c07處著錐,疼處喫棒,煩惱轉成菩提,顛倒變為法界,即得J40nB480_p0165c08其真實矣。此果何人耶?吾性之大慧也,啟吾性之釋迦J40nB480_p0165c09也,演吾之正智,歸吾之如如,故號為成自性也。連山帶J40nB480_p0165c10海,通身是箇自覺聖智心,又何必捨此而騎牛覓牛哉?J40nB480_p0165c11吹萬曰:且道海未現山時,佛未說法時,又作麼生會?無J40nB480_p0165c12名氏曰:「春眠不覺曉,處處聞啼鳥。夜來風雨聲,花落知J40nB480_p0165c13多少?」
所謂殺父母,及害羅漢、眾僧、惡心出佛身血。
經云:「貪喜俱如緣母,立無明為父,生八處聚落,斷二根J40nB480_p0165c16本,名害父母。彼諸使不現,如鼠毒發,諸法究竟斷彼,名J40nB480_p0165c17害羅漢。云何破僧?」謂異相諸陰和合聚積,究竟斷彼,名J40nB480_p0165c18為破僧。不覺外自其相,自心現量七識身,以三解脫無J40nB480_p0165c19漏惡想,究竟斷彼七種佛身,名為惡心出佛身血。或問J40nB480_p0165c20曰:「如上五法,若是有能斷之理,所斷之相,則五蘊根本J40nB480_p0165c21與七識幽隱猶在,作何休歇解脫得盡?若是以無滅為J40nB480_p0165c22滅,不斷為斷,則又落於斷滅頑空也。如之何則可?」吹萬J40nB480_p0165c23曰:「此經乃為根熟者頓說種子業識為如來藏,異彼二J40nB480_p0165c24乘滅識趣寂者故,亦為異彼般若修空菩薩空增勝者J40nB480_p0165c25故。《宗鏡》云:『若有不信阿賴耶識即如來藏,別求真如理J40nB480_p0165c26者,如離像覓鏡,即是惡慧。』所以不曰斷彼,而曰究竟斷J40nB480_p0165c27彼者,總教人於這貪愛無明見惑諸使五陰七識中,離J40nB480_p0165c28去心意識,而參看是自生?是他生?是共生?是無囚生?參J40nB480_p0165c29來參去,參到參不得處,方知此貪愛無明無無明,乃至J40nB480_p0165c30陰非陰而識非識也。果到這箇田地,不除而除,不斷而J40nB480_p0166a01斷,指揮如意天花落,坐臥閒房春草深。」然則又除箇甚J40nB480_p0166a02麼?斷箇甚麼?觀音菩薩將錢來買糊餅,放下云:「原來卻J40nB480_p0166a03是饅頭。」
宗通、說通。
古人道:「拈鎚豎拂泥洗泥,瞬目揚眉籠中雞。」又云:「或行J40nB480_p0166a06拳,或豎指,行棒行喝成乖旨。忽然棒下喝將來,與吾遠J40nB480_p0166a07之又遠矣。」若是,則以何法而謂之宗耶?《金剛經》云:「云何J40nB480_p0166a08為人演說?不取於相,如如不動。」老宿云:「依經解義,三世J40nB480_p0166a09佛兗。離經別說一字,即成魔說。」若是,則以何法而謂之J40nB480_p0166a10說耶?六祖云:「不思善,不思惡,正當恁麼時,那箇是上座J40nB480_p0166a11本來面目?」此似明乎宗矣。又云:「汝若返照本來面目,密J40nB480_p0166a12意卻在汝邊。若我有說,即不密也。」此似明乎說矣。所以J40nB480_p0166a13經云:「宗通者,謂緣自得勝進相,遠離言說文字妄想,趣J40nB480_p0166a14無漏界。自覺他自相,遠離一切虛妄覺想,降伏一切外J40nB480_p0166a15道眾魔。緣自覺趣,光明輝發,是名宗通相。說通者,謂說J40nB480_p0166a16九部種種教法,離異不異,有無等相,以巧方便,隨順眾J40nB480_p0166a17生,如應說法,令得度脫,是名說通相。」若知緣覺趣,光明J40nB480_p0166a18揮發,則離異不異,有無等相,善巧方便,如影如響也。諸J40nB480_p0166a19仁者!於此會得,金闕曉鐘開萬戶,至階仙仗擁千官。如J40nB480_p0166a20或未然,疲馬山中愁日晚,孤舟江上畏春寒哩。
圓覺經
J40nB480_p0166a22總說。
大圓覺何以稱也?太空無形而森羅萬象,太音無聲而J40nB480_p0166a24柷敔洋洋,太素無色而青黃黼黻。若然者,則隱處即圓J40nB480_p0166a25而顯處即覺也。以圓方覺,則覺無不圓;以覺歸圓,則圓J40nB480_p0166a26無不覺。故我薄伽老子於此藏金藏珠,萬物一府死生J40nB480_p0166a27 狀,以是而正受,以是而三昧。若十二大士者,則以是J40nB480_p0166a28而當機,以是而諮詢,相與犯堊揮斤,真可謂箇中同一J40nB480_p0166a29鼻孔,安得不以是而稱之哉?安得不以是而詮之哉?
文殊章
中郎先生謂:「圓覺喫緊處在皆依圓照清淨覺相,永斷J40nB480_p0166b02無明,方成佛道。且道清淨覺相怎麼樣依?若依則宛然J40nB480_p0166b03能所,不依則與佛旨相違,此處好疑。」予曰:「只須做箇無J40nB480_p0166b04依倚的便了,疑箇甚麼?從來這箇東西本是無可依者,J40nB480_p0166b05謂不依空亦不依不空、不依定亦不依不定、不依生亦J40nB480_p0166b06不依不生、不依有亦不依不有,乃至不依世法佛法、不J40nB480_p0166b07依生死涅槃,此這一切無可依處,是名依處也,所以謂J40nB480_p0166b08之圓照清淨覺相。」古德云:「老僧生身父母一時喪卻,只J40nB480_p0166b09是無你依倚處。如或不會,汝等諸人也是鐵打心肝。」
知是空華,即無輪轉。
中郎先生嘗以此二句問人曰:「此知字是有心知耶?是J40nB480_p0166b12無心知耶?有心則同情識,安能免輪迴?無心則同土木,J40nB480_p0166b13何以能知?學人透得此知字,一▆思過半矣。」予曰:「正當J40nB480_p0166b14知時,何曾見箇有有無無之心?此知正如水到成渠、池J40nB480_p0166b15成月現,非知也,乃所以知也。但諸人常以生滅、去來、有J40nB480_p0166b16無、凡聖為實境界,故於中必生必死、必去必來、必有必J40nB480_p0166b17無、必凡必聖也。殊不知生滅、去來、有無、凡聖皆如空中J40nB480_p0166b18所幻之華,本無實性,從空而有、從空而滅耳。即妙明性J40nB480_p0166b19體本無生滅、去來、有無、凡聖等相,然亦不妨生滅、去來、J40nB480_p0166b20有無、凡聖於中往來,故即輪轉而無輪轉也。其知亦若J40nB480_p0166b21是。」
知幻即離,不作方便;離幻即覺,亦無漸次。
或問:「註云:『知處即離處,離處即覺處。』未識果如其說否?J40nB480_p0166b24若實有幻可知,則知亦為幻,幻不離知;若實有幻可離,J40nB480_p0166b25則離亦是幻,幻因離生;若實有幻可覺,則全覺是幻,幻J40nB480_p0166b26從覺起。如之何其可耶?」荅曰:「圓覺自性非性,性有隨諸J40nB480_p0166b27性起。試觀青青翠竹,鬱鬱黃花,此果真乎?果幻乎?鳶飛J40nB480_p0166b28戾天,魚躍於淵,此亦果真乎?果幻乎?蓋緣法身無相,假J40nB480_p0166b29翠竹以現形;般若無情,對黃花而顯相。又安知魚躍鳶J40nB480_p0166b30飛,即天機之變動也與?夫如是,則等幻知於一源,齊覺J40nB480_p0166c01離於化府。方便可也,非方便亦可也;漸次可也,非漸次J40nB480_p0166c02亦可也。永嘉云:『無明實性即佛性,幻化空身即法身。』你J40nB480_p0166c03看他又是甚麼面孔?」
菩薩唯以大悲方便入諸世間。
菩薩以大悲方便現種種形,入諸世間開發未悟,何今J40nB480_p0166c06世皆不能見?蓋菩薩心本平等隨眾生現,眾生之心如J40nB480_p0166c07鏡,鏡若無垢形影隨現,眾生心淨菩薩即現,所為不現J40nB480_p0166c08則心鏡不明故也。
隨順覺性。
此章專論隨順覺性之法,蓋隨順即體認也。然雖有凡J40nB480_p0166c11夫、菩薩、如來之別,揆其得力處,只在「居一切時,不起妄J40nB480_p0166c12念」之句。一切即指前障礙究竟,得失解脫,乃至有性無J40nB480_p0166c13性,齊成佛道者是也。所以如來具足圓覺,住持圓覺,則J40nB480_p0166c14於此境隨往無礙。此即古德所謂朝往西天,暮回東土,J40nB480_p0166c15是名禁足;百花林裡過,婬房酒肆行,是名禁足。雖然如J40nB480_p0166c16是,不曾動我這一步在。以此觀之,若動一步,即成妄也。J40nB480_p0166c17要知此法,不在除境,而在忘心;不在忘心,而在見性。既J40nB480_p0166c18見此性,在在處處,即從心不踰之妙,無入不自得之理,J40nB480_p0166c19無可無不可之道也。咦!且莫造次。桃花流水杳然去,別J40nB480_p0166c20有天地非人間。
二十五輪。
若云漸法,用觀可也;若云頓法,何必用觀?要知頓法之J40nB480_p0166c23觀,非觀想之觀,乃恒存之觀也。謂此奢摩他、三摩缽提、J40nB480_p0166c24禪那三法,恒存乎自性而不變,非暫有暫無也。何以見J40nB480_p0166c25之?試觀吾人之天性中,有動自有靜,有動靜自有非動J40nB480_p0166c26非靜,然至靜之中有至動之機,至動之中有至靜之體,J40nB480_p0166c27至靜至動之中又有非靜非動之妙存焉。若是,則至靜J40nB480_p0166c28之奢摩他也,至動之三摩缽提也,非靜非動之禪那也,J40nB480_p0166c29即邵子所謂一動一靜,天地之至妙者歟!一動一靜之J40nB480_p0166c30間,天地人之至妙至妙者歟!故予不曰觀想之觀,而曰J40nB480_p0167a01恒存之觀也。
修於禪那,先取數門。
此先取數門之句,或有解為數念之數,似覺遠旨。余看J40nB480_p0167a04此節,正與《大方等大集經》內佛為比丘所說之義同。彼J40nB480_p0167a05經令諸比丘觀出入息,見息出時,即作是念:「如是風者,J40nB480_p0167a06從何處來?去至何處?」如是觀時,遠離身相,生於空相,不J40nB480_p0167a07見內空,是名內空;不見我所及外色相,是名外空。觀內J40nB480_p0167a08外空已,後作是念:「我今修習入息相已,作大利益,能壞J40nB480_p0167a09一切內外諸色。我壞如是內外色相,皆是入息觀因緣J40nB480_p0167a10也。以是因緣,令我不見內外諸色,即是空力。我今定知J40nB480_p0167a11一切諸法無有去處,無有來處。」作是觀已,所有覺觀一J40nB480_p0167a12切永斷。此謂先取數門者,即觀出入息之數門也。心中J40nB480_p0167a13了知生、住等數,即我今定知一切諸法無有去處、無有J40nB480_p0167a14來處是也。故此以調息之法作數門之解也。然此特順J40nB480_p0167a15經義解耳。若是明眼衲子,渾微塵世界於一身,納成、住、J40nB480_p0167a16壞、空於一息,看你諸人又作麼生觀想去?
音釋
J40nB480_p0167a18噬
〡,飴,▆中有物日〡。
嗑
〡,合,卦名。
輶
〡,山,輕車也。
輻
〡,福,車也。
轂
〡,谷,車〡也。
蹌
J40nB480_p0167a19〡,倉,動也。
飆
〡,標,紅風也。
柷、敔
上祝下語,栗器也。
黼黻
上甫下弗,黑白文也。
臨濟拈云:「有一無位真人,在汝等面門出入,未據證者J40nB480_p0162c20看看。」只此一轉語,大似露出自在菩薩矣。第性體沖漠,J40nB480_p0162c21無處不周,煩惱不亂,禪定不寂。謂其有兮,則不立纖塵;J40nB480_p0162c22謂其無兮,則橫遍十方。非內非外,而能內外;非有非無,J40nB480_p0162c23而能有無;非動非靜,而能動靜。隨緣不變、不變隨緣,自自J40nB480_p0162c24在在者也。菩薩觀之而取證,故名曰自在菩薩也;行之J40nB480_p0162c25而至於究竟本源處,故云甚深般若也。劈破面門,通身J40nB480_p0162c26露出,舉步踏著,開口道著,夜夜同眠,朝朝共起,故云▆J40nB480_p0162c27也。然觀者,不觀之以目,而觀之以耳;照者,不照之以心,J40nB480_p0162c28而照之以虛。耳返於虛,五蘊即空矣。空非空無之空,乃J40nB480_p0162c29五蘊轉復乎本源,而同一佛性,故云空也。永嘉所謂「無J40nB480_p0162c30明識性即佛性」,正見色空不異也。五蘊既歸於真空,何J40nB480_p0163a01嘗生滅增減?故根非色質之根,乃清白梵行之相也;塵J40nB480_p0163a02非對我之塵,乃無量之妙義也;識非妄生之識,乃恒沙J40nB480_p0163a03之妙用也。示四諦非四諦,借黃花而顯相;示因緣非因J40nB480_p0163a04緣,假翠竹以現形。故云無眼耳、無苦集、無生老也。菩薩J40nB480_p0163a05於此興如幻三昧,而隨流得性,故云遠離;諸佛以此具J40nB480_p0163a06足圓覺,而能住持,故云菩提。吹萬曰:本自不迷,用悟作J40nB480_p0163a07麼?本自無失,得箇甚麼?昨夜龍宮熏象藏,洒落須彌遍J40nB480_p0163a08地金。持念《心經》者,亦復如是。